Preparation of pH responsive two-dimensional thin film and three-dimensional sponge oil-water separation materials and oil-water separation application

Abstract

The invention provides a copolymer having pH responsiveness; then a mixed solution (sol) is formed from the copolymer and silica nanoparticles, and then pH-responsive two-dimensional thin film material (cotton and filter paper) and a pH-responsive three-dimensional sponge material (polyurethane sponge) are prepared by a simple dip-coating way. The oil-water separation performance of the prepared two-dimensional thin film material and the prepared three-dimensional sponge material can be controlled by adjusting change of the pH. At the pH of 2, the materials show superhydrophilic / underwater superoleophobic performance; at the pH of 12, the materials can have the superhydrophilic / underwater superoleophobic performance converted into superhydrophobic / superoleophilic performance. In addition, the wettability of the materials can be changed in situ under adjustment of the pH. More importantly, the materials not only can separate an oil / water / oil three-phase oil-water mixture, but also can separate water-in-oil, oil-in-water and acid oil-in-water oil-water emulsion, and also can absorb all kinds of oil products.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of oil-water separation materials, in particular to the preparation of pH-responsive two-dimensional film and three-dimensional sponge oil-water separation materials and the application of oil-water separation. Background technique [0002] In recent years, with the acceleration of urbanization and industrialization, the problems of oil pollutants and oil spills in water bodies have become increasingly prominent and frequent, which has caused great harm to human health, water environment and ecological environment balance, and has become a global problem that needs to be solved urgently. As one of the important environmental issues, how to quickly and efficiently separate oil from water from oil-contaminated water sources has attracted widespread attention from governments and the public. The traditional oil-water separation methods include: gravity separation method, centrifugal separation method, coarse graining met...

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Problems solved by technology

The traditional oil-water separation methods include: gravity separation method, centrifugal separation method, coarse graining method, filtration method, electrolysis method, flotation method, adsorption method, chemical method, etc., but the separation efficiency of some of the above traditional processing methods is not high , some due to the secondary pollution of materials due to the addition of too many chemicals, and some have high energy consumption and high costs, which limit their application

In addition, traditional oil-water separation materials (such as activated carbon, graphite, clay, diatomaceous earth, etc.) have weak oil absorption and water repellency due to their inconspicuous interfacial infiltration characteristics, and they also absorb a large amount of water while absorbing oil, resulting in low separation efficiency. Only about 50%, the recycling of materials is also very difficult, which affects the use effect of materials

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