Composite material film for photovoltaic module encapsulation and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a composite material membrane for packaging a photovoltaic module and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps that step one, polypropylene, polyolefin and polyurethane are selected as composite materials; step two, a middle-layer polypropylene film is pressed into a small-hole mesh through a roller needle; step three, polyurethane is added to sealed buckets, each bucket is 100 kg, heating is performed to 170 DEG C, uniform spraying is performed by using a high-pressure spray head, the pressure of the spray head is 2.8 kg, and a spraying curing layer is 10 microns; step four, polypropylene and polyolefin are heated through a heating roller to reach critical plastifying temperature of 155 DEG C, the pressure is 1.2 kg, tensions on two sides are 0.2 kg, and heat sealing is performed; step five, the heat-sealed composite materials in the step four are cooled and then are rolled for standby application, the temperature of a cooling roller is controlled to below 25 DEG C, and the linear velocity is 250 meter per minutes. The composite material membrane serves as a packaging material, can ensure the operating safety and long-term ageing resistance of the photovoltaic module in a high-temperature, low-cold, high-humidity, sun-scorched and rain-drenched severe environment and makes the module used for a long term of more than 30 years.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a composite material film used for photovoltaic component packaging and a preparation method thereof. It belongs to the field of solar photovoltaic. Background technique [0002] With the rapid development of the solar photovoltaic industry, domestic and foreign enterprises and experts are strongly aware that solar photovoltaic cell packaging materials and process technology are the key technologies to improve the life of photovoltaic modules and reduce the cost of use to achieve higher economic benefits. As an important part of solar photovoltaic modules, solar encapsulation adhesive film plays the role of sealing and protecting solar cells, bonding the upper and lower substrates, and preventing water vapor intrusion. In terms of performance, it requires good light transmittance and waterproof function. Excellent Anti-aging performance and bonding performance. At present, solar photovoltaic modules produced by enterprises al...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

At present, solar photovoltaic modules produced by enterprises all over the world generally use EVA as the packaging material. EVA is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. It has some objective defects, such as poor anti-ultraviolet aging performance, anti-moisture and heat aging ability and waterproof performance, and is easy to degrade. yellowing and breaking

These will reduce the service life of photovoltaic modules and greatly reduce the power generation efficiency

Since EVA is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, under the action of light, heat, cold, oxygen and water vapor, it will produce unsaturated double bonds, acetic acid, a small amount of acetaldehyde, ketone and lactone structures, etc., resulting in transparent PV modules. Decreased light rate and photoelectric conversion rate, internal yellowing, aging and cracking, and the acidic substances released by EVA during the aging process will accelerate the corrosion of electrodes in the module, resulting in low power generation efficiency of photovoltaic modules or even scrapping and cracking

In recent years, some solar photovoltaic module companies and solar power stations have reported that the photovoltaic modules of solar cells are yellowed, cracked, and degummed due to the influence of heat and humidity on the packaging materials under natural climate conditions, which greatly reduces the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells. As well as examples of shortened and final service life, these examples involve the aging resistance and long-term performance of packaging materials, the issue of longer service life of photovoltaic modules and higher target economic benefits, and the domestic and foreign research on the use of adhesive films for solar cell module packaging Proposed service life goal of more than 30 years

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