A low-temperature molten salt electrolytic clean metallurgy method and device for bismuth

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-temperature fused salt electrolytic cleaning metallurgy method and device for bismuth. The method comprises the following steps: mixing a bismuth-containing material withinertia fused salt, putting the mixture into a low-temperature fused salt electrolysis device in a certain material distribution manner, and performing low-temperature fused salt electrolytic smelting under certain temperature and pulse current conditions; and along with low-temperature fused salt electrolysis, gradually forming a "three-layer melt" structure by the mixed fused salt in a furnacehearth, wherein the bismuth-containing material can be continuously added from a feeding port, and obtained liquid bismuth can be discharged from a lower bismuth discharging port. According to the low-temperature fused salt electrolytic cleaning metallurgy method, the treatment temperature of an existing bismuth concentrate pyrogenic process is substantially reduced; high-quality bismuth can be produced by one step; and compared with a smelting process of the existing bismuth concentrate pyrogenic process, the low-temperature fused salt electrolytic cleaning metallurgy method has the advantages of low energy consumption and high direct bismuth recovery rate. The device disclosed by the invention is simple and practical; and by cooperative use, the device can achieve a good bismuth extraction metallurgy effect.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a low-temperature molten salt electrolytic cleaning metallurgy method and device for bismuth-containing materials, belonging to the field of nonferrous metal metallurgy. Background technique [0002] Bismuth is an important strategic metal in my country, widely used in medicine, electronics, chemical industry, national defense and military industry and other fields. my country is one of the most important bismuth resource countries, producers, consumers and trading countries in the world, and has the ability to completely control the international market. Traditional bismuth metal smelting is divided into wet method and fire method; 3 Leaching-iron powder replacement method, FeCl 3 Leaching-diaphragm electrode method, FeCl 3 Leaching-hydrolysis bismuth precipitation method, chlorine selective leaching method, hydrochloric acid-nitrous acid leaching method, chlorination-hydrolysis method, ore slurry electrolysis method, etc. ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] Pyrochemical bismuth smelting mainly adopts reverberatory furnace smelting or side-blowing furnace smelting, that is, bismuth concentrate (side-blowing furnace smelting is often smelted with lead to obtain lead-bismuth alloy) is mixed with reducing agent coal powder, iron filings, flux soda ash and other ingredients. , put into the reverberatory furnace for smelting, and produce slag, matte and rough bismuth. The smelting temperature is as high as 1300-1350°C, and the smelting takes more than 10 hours. There are four outstanding problems in smelting bismuth at such a high temperature: (1) Large coal consumption , high cost; (2) produce low concentration SO 2 Smoke pollutes the environment

(3) Pollution of toxic elements such as lead and beryllium

However, due to its relatively small production scale and difficulty in expanding the processing capacity, bismuth smelting is still mostly produced by the traditional reverberatory high-temperature reduction smelting process.

The concentration of sulfur dioxide produced in the smelting process cannot meet the requirements of acid production, so it can only be emptied directly, which not only pollutes the surrounding environment, but also fails to realize the recycling of sulfur in bismuth concentrate

Therefore, the existing bismuth smelting process in my country still has common problems such as "low efficiency, high energy consumption, and heavy secondary pollution".

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