Method for high selectively preparing aldehyde by using olefin

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for high selectively preparing an aldehyde by using an olefin. According to the method, an organic polymer self-load type catalyst is used, an olefin hydroformylationreaction is applied to high selectively preparation of an aldehyde. According to the organic polymer self-load catalyst, one, two or three metals selected from a group consisting of Rh, Co, Pd and Irare used as active components, and a phosphine-containing organic copolymer is used as a carrier, wherein the phosphine-containing organic copolymer carrier is formed by copolymerization of a polydentate organic phosphine ligand and a monodentateorganic phosphine ligand. The organic polymer self-load catalyst provided by the invention is suitable for reactors such as fixed beds, slurry beds, bubbling beds, trickle beds and the like, and has good performance in a reaction of high selectively preparing the aldehyde through the olefin hydroformylation reaction; the aldehyde with a high normal-specific ratio can be produced, wherein the positive-specific ratio can reach 25 or above; side reactions are few; and the alkane content of an obtained product is 1% or below. The multi-phase catalyst is good in stability, and the separation of the catalyst from the reactants and products is simple and efficient.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of heterogeneous catalysis and fine chemical industry, and specifically relates to a method for preparing aldehydes with high selectivity from olefins. Background technique [0002] Aldehydes are very useful chemical intermediates, which can be used to synthesize carboxylic acids and corresponding esters, and fatty amines, etc. The most important use of the product aldehyde is that it can be converted into alcohol by hydrogenation, and the alcohol itself can be used as an organic solvent, plasticizer Agents and surfactants are widely used in the field of fine chemicals. In recent years, atomic economy reactions have become one of the hotspots in green chemistry research. The hydroformylation reaction of olefins is a typical atom-economic reaction, which refers to the reaction of olefins with CO and H 2 Under the action of a catalyst, aldehydes are generated, 100% of the atoms in the raw material molecules are conver...

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Problems solved by technology

However, the biggest disadvantage of this process is that the preparation process of the catalyst is more complicated, and compared with the homogeneous catalyst, the activity of the prepared supported ion liquid phase catalyst is significantly lower.

[0008] In 2005, E.Monflier (Organometallics, 2005, 24, 2070) also sulfonated the diphosphine ligand Xantphos, and based on this, developed a two-phase hydroformylation catalytic process, which is suitable for high-carbon Olefin hydroformylation, but the catalyst preparation process is complicated, and the catalyst activity and stability need to be improved

[0009] In 2005, P.Wasserscheid (Angew.Chem.Int.Ed., 2005,44,815) prepared sulfonated Xantphos ligand as a supported ionic liquid catalyst, and tested the hydroformylation performance of propylene in a continuous fixed-bed reactor , achieved good results, but also faced the problems of complex operation process and poor catalyst stability

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