270 results about "Heterogeneous catalysis" patented technology

The invention discloses a method for exploring a heterogeneous catalytic reaction network based on a deep potential energy surface model, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the accurate prediction of the free energy change of all possible element reactions on a catalyst through the combination of transfer learning and a density functional theory, and constructing a reaction network diagram based on a graph theory method; an improved Dijkstra method is used for searching a reaction network diagram to determine a reaction mechanism, and the selectivity of the catalyst is explored based on a Markov chain method. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, when the CO2 reduction reaction mechanism on the monatomic alloy is explored, the prediction error MAE of the electron energy of each intermediate is only 0.16 eV, the calculated amount is reduced by 90%, the dominant path of the CO2 reduction reaction is visually displayed, and a new normal form is provided for complex mechanism exploration and catalyst screening.

The invention provides a charcoal-loaded iron-based catalyst suitable for heterogeneous catalysis as well as a preparation method and application of the charcoal-loaded iron-based catalyst. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, activating and modifying tea leaves by adopting a potassium hydroxide solution, and then carrying out heat-preservation pyrolysis in a carbon dioxide atmosphere to obtain tea-leaf-based biochar; uniformly mixing an iron source, a manganese source, a cerium source and a citric acid solution; adding tea-based biochar, uniformly mixing, and drying to obtain a precursor; and heating the precursor to 400-650 DEG C, and carrying out heat preservation and pyrolysis to obtain the biochar-loaded iron-based catalyst. The biochar-loaded iron-based catalyst has excellent degradation and removal effects and cycle stability on xylene.

The invention relates to a heterogeneous catalysis technology, and aims to provide a method for improving the yield of components of aviation kerosene prepared by ethylene oligomerization through combination of a fixed bed and a slurry bed. Comprising a fixed bed reactor and a slurry bed reactor which are sequentially connected in series, the fixed bed reactor is filled with a metal modified mesoporous zeolite molecular sieve catalyst, and the slurry bed reactor is filled with a mesoporous zeolite molecular sieve catalyst. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out ethylene oligomerization reaction in a fixed bed reactor to generate a product containing C4-C8 olefin; the reaction product is directly introduced into the fixed bed reactors connected in series for secondary reaction, and the final product comprises C5-C16 + liquid phase olefin as an aviation fuel component. By adopting a fixed bed-slurry bed reactor combined method, the ethylene conversion rate can be greatly improved; secondary oligomerization is carried out by using an acidic mesoporous zeolite molecular sieve catalyst, so that the selectivity of aviation kerosene components is improved; the mesoporous catalyst prepared by an alkali treatment method has a good diffusion effect and keeps high activity for a long time.

The invention discloses an internal-acid and external-alkali type organic-inorganic hybrid molecular sieve catalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of heterogeneous catalytic materials and chemical processes. According to the catalyst, a hydrogen type Beta molecular sieve is used as an acidic inner core, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is used as an organic shell, and a unique inner-acid outer-alkali structure is formed. The preparation method comprises the following steps: hydrothermally synthesizing a hydrogen type Beta molecular sieve with a specific silica-alumina ratio, and then coating PVP through surface adsorption. The catalyst is used for catalyzing the condensation of methylal and trioxymethylene under mild conditions (40-70 DEG C and normal pressure) to prepare polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (DMMn). The PVP shell covers acidic sites on the outer surface of the molecular sieve to form an external neutral / weak base and internal strong acid microenvironment, so that the secondary side reaction of the product is effectively inhibited, the trioxymethylene conversion rate of more than 98% and the DMMn selectivity of more than 96% can be obtained in the reaction at 50 DEG C and normal pressure, the product distribution can be regulated and controlled, and the traditional Anderson-Schulz-Flory distribution limitation is broken through. The catalyst disclosed by the invention has the advantages of high activity, high selectivity, mild conditions and easiness in separation, and has a good industrial application prospect.

The present invention discloses a method for regulating spinel-type high-entropy oxides using electrospinning. The method is characterized in that metal sources, polyacrylonitrile, and dimethylformamide of varying concentrations are fully mixed to form a precursor solution, followed by preparing a spinel-type high-entropy oxide having a nanofiber structure by electrospinning. Results show that, compared to conventional methods for preparing high-entropy oxides, electrospinning facilitates a lower phase transition temperature and promotes the formation of nanoscale high-entropy oxides. Furthermore, the fibers formed are significantly affected by the precursor solution. By varying the amount of total metal added, the final fiber state of the catalyst can be effectively regulated, exhibiting significant differences in ethyl acetate catalytic oxidation activity. The preparation process is simple, enhancing the application value of high-entropy oxides in the field of heterogeneous catalysis.

The invention discloses application of a supported heterogeneous catalyst of oxide and copper-manganese spinel in preparation of acetaldehyde by anaerobic dehydrogenation of ethanol, and belongs to the technical field of heterogeneous catalysis for preparation of acetaldehyde and hydrogen by anaerobic dehydrogenation of ethanol. The reaction is carried out in a fixed bed reactor, under the conditions that the reaction atmosphere is nitrogen, the reaction temperature is 280 DEG C and the mass space velocity is 66.1 h <-1 >, the ethanol conversion rate is 72.5%, the acetaldehyde selectivity is 95.0%, and the space time yield of acetaldehyde based on the copper-manganese composite oxide is 43.5 h <-1 >, so that high-selectivity preparation of acetaldehyde and hydrogen under relatively mild conditions is realized; the system has the remarkable advantages of simple catalyst preparation, high catalytic activity under the condition of high mass airspeed, high space-time yield of acetaldehyde, high atom utilization rate of the system, good stability and the like. The CuMnTi-1 catalyst can be stabilized for more than 70 hours, the CuMnTi-1 improves the utilization rate of copper and manganese, improves the catalytic performance, reduces the demand quantity of copper-manganese spinel in the reaction, and reduces the overall cost of catalyst preparation.

The invention discloses a graded porous mordenite catalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of heterogeneous catalysis and chemistry and chemical engineering. The preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out hydrolysis-polycondensation reaction on a silicon source, an aluminum source, an alkali source and water, after the reaction is completed, adding an alpha, omega-biquaternary ammonium salt surfactant as a template agent, and carrying out template-oriented self-assembly reaction to obtain gel; carrying out hydrothermal crystallization treatment on the gel to obtain zeolite raw powder; roasting the zeolite raw powder for the first time to remove the template agent so as to obtain roasted zeolite; and carrying out ion exchange treatment on the roasted zeolite, and roasting again to obtain the graded porous mordenite catalyst. According to the invention, the alpha, omega-biquaternary ammonium salt surfactant is used as the template agent to prepare the hierarchical porous structure catalyst with both inherent micropores and uniform mesopores, so that mass transfer can be improved and acidic sites can be optimized.

The present invention relates to the technical field of polymer preparation. Disclosed are a covalent organic framework material, and a preparation method therefor and a use thereof. The preparation method for the covalent organic framework material comprises the following step: subjecting an organic aldehyde and an organic amine to a condensation reaction in a deep eutectic solvent to obtain the covalent organic framework material, wherein the deep eutectic solvent is a two-component eutectic liquid composed of menthol and acetic acid. The temperature for the reaction is 25-120ºC, and the time for the reaction is 1-72 hours. The deep eutectic solvent composed of menthol and acetic acid used in the present invention has good dissolution properties for organic matters, and can also efficiently catalyze the condensation reaction between the organic amine and the organic aldehyde. The prepared covalent organic framework material exhibits high crystallinity and has good applications in the fields of adsorptive separation, heterogeneous catalysis, energy storage, etc. The present method has mild reaction conditions, simple operation, and good universality, is conducive to industrial large-scale production, and conforms to the concept of green chemistry.

The invention discloses an iron-loaded sulfonated carbon nitride heterogeneous catalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of heterogeneous catalysts. The iron-loaded sulfonated carbon nitride heterogeneous catalyst consists of monatomic Fe and a sulfonated graphite phase carbon nitride carrier, so that the prepared iron-loaded sulfonated carbon nitride heterogeneous catalyst can catalyze the reaction of benzoxazole and absolute ethyl alcohol, is high in catalytic efficiency, can catalyze the reaction of benzimidazole or benzothiazole and absolute ethyl alcohol, and is high in catalytic efficiency. Therefore, 2-(1-hydroxyethyl)-benzimidazole or 2-(1-hydroxyethyl)-benzothiazole is synthesized, and concentrated acid does not need to be used as a catalyst in the synthesis process. The sulfonation degree of the iron-loaded sulfonated carbon nitride heterogeneous catalyst can be regulated and controlled, the iron-loaded sulfonated carbon nitride heterogeneous catalyst can catalyze the construction of a directional C-C bond, and the iron-loaded sulfonated carbon nitride heterogeneous catalyst keeps stable in the reaction process and can be recycled for 5 times or more.

The invention belongs to the technical field of novel material catalysis, and particularly relates to a hollow mesoporous silica supported phosphotungstic acid catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. According to the invention, the advantages of high specific surface area and regional effect performance of hollow mesoporous silica and the characteristic of adjustable acidity of vacancy heteropolyacid quaternary ammonium salt are innovatively combined, and the cationic surfactant is loaded on the surface of the hollow mesoporous silica, so that the contact surface of raw materials is effectively increased, efficient conversion of reactants is assisted, and the reaction efficiency is improved. The supported catalyst with efficient catalysis and stable performance is obtained. The catalyst can be used for a reaction for preparing glutaraldehyde through heterogeneous catalysis of cyclopentene oxidation, and the reaction condition is mild. Experiments show that under the catalytic system, the cyclopentene conversion rate can reach 90% or above, the glutaraldehyde selectivity is improved to 75% or above, double improvement of the cyclopentene conversion rate and the glutaraldehyde selectivity is successfully achieved, meanwhile, the advantage that the catalyst is easy to separate is achieved, and an efficient solution is provided for industrial application of synthesis of glutaraldehyde through cyclopentene oxidation.

The invention discloses a polyacid-based metal viologen framework crystalline material as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of heterogeneous catalytic materials. The crystalline material is synthesized in one step through a hydrothermal method, the molecular formula is Cu2 (H2O) 2 (L) 2 [PW12O40] [OH]. 2H2O, the crystalline material belongs to a monoclinic system, the space group is P21, the cell parameters are alpha = 90 degrees, beta = 114.208 (2) degrees and gamma = 90 degrees, and the structure of the crystalline material is determined through X-ray diffraction. According to the material, accurate compounding of polyacid clusters and metal viologen on the molecular level is achieved, an effective electron transmission channel is constructed, separation of photon-generated carriers is remarkably promoted, and excellent photocatalytic activity is shown. At the ambient temperature, the crystalline material can be used as a catalyst to efficiently degrade dye pollutants (such as methylene blue and rhodamine B) in a water body, the degradation rate within 60 minutes exceeds 90%, and the crystalline material has good cycle stability and structural durability.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a pyrenyl covalent organic framework material and application of the pyrenyl covalent organic framework material in photocatalytic hydrogen production reaction, and belongs to the field of heterogeneous catalysis. The novel pyrenyl COFs photocatalyst is synthesized by regulating and controlling the quantity of triphenylamine and integrating triphenylamine monomers with different contents into a pyrenyl covalent organic framework (COF) skeleton. The preparation method is simple to operate, mild in reaction condition, short in reaction time and high in repeatability, the obtained pyrenyl COFs have good light capture capacity and photon-generated carrier separation characteristic, electron-hole recombination can be effectively reduced, the excited state service life is prolonged, the reaction efficiency of photocatalytic hydrogen production is improved, and potential application prospects are achieved.

The invention relates to the technical field of heterogeneous catalysis, and discloses a catalyst for preparing methanol through carbon dioxide hydrogenation as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The catalyst contains a copper-zinc bimetallic oxide, and the surface of the copper-zinc bimetallic oxide is modified with a nitrogen-doped carbon material. On the basis of the total weight of the catalyst, the content of the nitrogen-doped carbon material is 0.498 to 3.226 wt%. The catalyst for preparing the methanol through the hydrogenation of the carbon dioxide contains the copper-zinc bimetallic oxide, and the copper-zinc bimetallic oxide is modified by adopting the nitrogen-doped carbon material, so that the catalytic activity and the methanol selectivity of the catalyst for preparing the methanol through the hydrogenation of the carbon dioxide can be remarkably improved.

The present application relates to a kind of self-regeneration fixed bed reaction system for multiphase catalytic reaction, belong to fixed bed technical field.The system includes shell assembly, reaction tank assembly, distribution disc assembly and regeneration connecting assembly.Shell is separated to form several sectors, each sector is equipped with reaction tank, and isolation chamber is formed between reaction tank.Regeneration connecting assembly includes upper and lower rotating disc connected by rotating shaft, and inert gas containing cavity is arranged in rotating disc and is communicated with isolation chamber.Driving mechanism rotates rotating disc, so that regeneration pipe is communicated with specific reaction tank and carries out on-line carbon burning regeneration.The present application realizes the continuous production mode of "multi-zone reaction, one area on-line regeneration" by rotating structure, cooperates with the unique scraping seal assembly and elastic buffer structure, solves the pain points such as fast coking of catalyst in high-temperature dehydrogenation and other reactions, frequent switching, easy to string gas and thermal stress damage, significantly improves the production efficiency, operating stability and heat energy utilization rate of device.

The invention discloses a cerium oxide carrier loaded ruthenium-gadolinium bimetallic heterogeneous catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof, the heterogeneous catalyst takes a cerium oxide nanorod as a carrier, and metal ruthenium and metal gadolinium are loaded on the carrier; wherein the loading capacity of the metal ruthenium and the loading capacity of the metal gadolinium are independently larger than 0 and smaller than or equal to 10 wt%. The cerium oxide loaded ruthenium-gadolinium bimetallic catalyst provided by the invention can improve the catalytic activity and selectivity of ester prepared by an olefin esterification one-step method, ester compounds can be synthesized at a relatively high yield, and the ester selectivity of 99% or more is obtained. Besides, the cerium-loaded ruthenium-gadolinium heterogeneous catalyst prepared by the method is easy to separate from reactants and products and can be repeatedly used, and a new technology suitable for industrialization is provided for ester preparation through esterification of olefin compounds under efficient and selective mild conditions.

The application discloses a bifunctional catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. The bifunctional catalyst comprises an active component and a carrier, wherein the active component is loaded on the carrier; the active component comprises active component I and auxiliary active component II; the active component I comprises metal cobalt, and the auxiliary active component II comprises metal M, and M is selected from iron or tin; the carrier is a composite of silicon oxide and carbon; and the carrier has acid functional groups. The application designs a hydrogenation dehydration catalyst with a bifunctional active site of a layered structure from the microstructure design of a heterogeneous catalyst, utilizes the synergistic catalysis of hydrogenation active metal and dehydration acid functional groups to greatly improve the yield of a target product DBU, and enables the overall reaction process to be carried out under mild conditions (80 DEG C, 2.0 MPa), achieves the yield of DBU (>=95%) and has a stability of >=500 hours.

The invention discloses a COF-based heterogeneous iodobenzene catalyst and its preparation method and application, belonging to the field of catalyst preparation technology. The COF-based heterogeneous iodobenzene catalyst is obtained by polymerizing a hydrazide monomer containing an iodophenyl group unit and 1,3,5-tris(4-formylphenyl)triazine; the structural formula of the hydrazide monomer containing an iodophenyl group unit is: The COF-based heterogeneous iodobenzene catalyst can be used as a catalyst for the chlorination reaction of anisole, catalyzing the chlorination reaction of anisole, achieving heterogeneous catalysis, and using a small amount, easy to recover, improving the utilization rate of the catalyst, and reducing the cost of anisole chlorination.

The invention relates to a method for producing polyesters in polycondensation reactions catalyzed by aluminum titanate compounds, barium titanate compounds, calcium titanate compounds, zinc titanate compounds or mixtures of these titanate compounds. The invention also relates to a composition comprising an aluminum titanate compound, a barium titanate compound, a calcium titanate compound, a zinc titanate compound or a mixture of these titanate compounds as a catalyst for the production of polyesters in polycondensation reactions. Furthermore, the invention relates to the use of an aluminum titanate compound, a barium titanate compound, a calcium titanate compound, a zinc titanate compound or a mixture of these titanate compounds as a heterogeneous polycondensation catalyst. The aluminum titanate compound, the barium titanate compound, the calcium titanate compound, the zinc titanate compound or a mixture of these titanate compounds is a non-amorphous mixed oxide of aluminum oxide (and / or barium oxide, and / or calcium oxide, and / or zinc oxide) and titanium oxide. These titanate compounds have been found to be excellent heterogeneous catalysts in polycondensation reactions for the production of polyesters, such as polyethylene terephthalate.

The invention discloses a Ru / TiN methane dry reforming photo-thermal catalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of heterogeneous catalysis. Nano titanium nitride (TiN) is used as a carrier, Ru is loaded on the surface of TiN by using an impregnation method to prepare Ru / TiN, the mass ratio of Ru to TiN is 0.5-4%, the DRM catalytic performance of the Ru / TiN catalyst is researched, and the application prospect of the Ru / TiN catalyst in the DRM field is proved. The Ru / TiN catalyst prepared by the invention has the characteristics of simple preparation, high catalytic performance and good stability.

The invention belongs to the technical field of high polymer material synthesis and heterogeneous catalysis, and particularly discloses an amino mesoporous silica supported copper catalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The catalyst is prepared by a direct co-condensation method which comprises the following steps: in the presence of a structure-directing agent, copolymerizing a silicon source and amino silane to form a mesoporous silica carrier which has a regular mesoporous structure and is modified by amino in a skeleton; then loading cuprous through a solid-state ion exchange method in an inert atmosphere, and stably endowing highly dispersed cuprous (Cu < + >) with an active center through low-temperature heat treatment; the catalyst can be used for efficiently catalyzing oxidative coupling of phenol, and is particularly suitable for synthesizing polyphenyl ether with controllable number-average molecular weight and terminal functionality, the synthesized product is high in purity and narrow in molecular weight distribution, and the catalyst is particularly suitable for high-performance copper-clad plates, semiconductor packaging and other electronic chemicals.

The invention discloses a preparation process of an R-1234yf refrigerant based on a heterogeneous catalyst, and relates to the field of preparation of refrigerants. According to the method, tetrafluoroethylene and trichloromonofluoromethane are subjected to a reaction through a liquid phase reaction to generate an intermediate product CCl3CF2CF3 (CFC-215cb), then the CFC-215cb is subjected to a catalytic hydrodechlorination reaction to obtain CH3CF2CF3, and then the CH3CF2CF3 is subjected to a catalytic elimination reaction to generate the target product R-1234yf. According to the method, the self-developed catalyst is used as a liquid phase reaction catalyst, Pd / Pd-AlF3 is used as a hydrogenation catalyst, and AlF3, Cr2O3 or activated carbon is used as an elimination catalyst, so that efficient and environment-friendly R-1234yf preparation is realized under mild conditions, and the method has the advantages of high reaction selectivity, high yield and few byproducts.

The application discloses a kind of high-efficiency heterogeneous catalyst for CO2 ring addition preparation cyclic carbonate and its preparation method and application, belong to catalyst technical field.The high-efficiency heterogeneous catalyst is transition metal doped polyoxometalate coordination polymer, chemical general formula is C 16 H 58 M2N2Na2O 48 V 10 Wherein, M is selected from Co 2+ , Ni 2+ , Cu 2+ Or Zn 2+ Its preparation method is: sodium vanadate, transition metal acetate and bis (2-hydroxyethyl) amino (trihydroxymethyl) methane ligand are dissolved in water with pH being 1~3, stirring reaction, after filtration, crystallization is stationary, and is obtained.In the ring addition reaction of CO2 and epoxide, the catalyst and cocatalyst tetrabutylammonium bromide synergistic effect, catalytic yield can be up to 98.2%, selectivity is more than 99%, and catalytic activity still remains at 88% after recycling five times.

The application provides a Yangmei-type phenolic resin microsphere, a carbon sphere and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of carbon materials. The Yangmei-type phenolic resin microsphere is obtained by using cheap and easily available phenol and formaldehyde as raw materials, through a step-by-step process of "prepolymerization to form an oligomer under alkaline conditions" and "in-situ solidification and growth of surface nano-protrusions under acidic conditions". The phenolic resin microsphere has a unique core-protrusion integrated three-dimensional structure, and after carbonization, the Yangmei-type carbon sphere can be directly converted, the core-protrusion composite structure is completely retained, and there is no collapse, cracking or protrusion shedding phenomenon. The preparation process of the application does not need a template agent, has low equipment requirements, is simple and easy to operate and enlarge, and has low raw material cost. The prepared Yangmei-type phenolic resin microsphere and carbon sphere have high specific surface area and excellent structural stability, and have wide application prospects in the fields of battery negative materials, supercapacitor electrodes, heterogeneous catalytic carriers and the like.

The invention discloses a method for preparing primary amine chemicals by hydrogenation amination of aldehyde and ketone through a platinum group monatomic doped nickel-based layered hydroxide catalyst, and belongs to the technical field of heterogeneous catalysis preparation of high-quality chemicals. The method comprises the following steps: by taking aldehyde and ketone chemicals as raw materials and ammonia gas as a gas source, carrying out hydrogenation amination reaction in a reaction solvent under the action of a platinum group monatomic doped nickel-based layered hydroxide catalyst and a hydrogen atmosphere to prepare a primary amine chemical; the platinum group single atom is any one of palladium, platinum, ruthenium, iridium or rhodium; wherein the effective active components on the nickel-based layered hydroxide carrier are composed of nickel metal and other metals, and the other metals are one or more of zinc, magnesium, aluminum, cerium, manganese, zirconium, iron, niobium or copper. The primary amine chemical prepared by the method has very high economic value.

The application discloses a bisoxazoline pyridine functionalized porous organic polymer and preparation and application thereof; firstly, a styryl functionalized PyBox monomer (VPyBox) is designed and synthesized, and VPyBox, styrene and divinylbenzene are subjected to free radical polymerization under initiation of azobisisobutyronitrile in a certain proportion to obtain a series of porous organic polymers (POP-PyBox); the POP-PyBox can be used as a solid N , N , N tridentate ligand for Co-catalyzed hydrosilylation of arylalkynes with diphenylsilane; the heterogeneous catalyst system developed by the application has a catalytic activity comparable to that of a homogeneous catalyst reported in the literature, and the catalyst is easy to separate and recover; the recovered catalyst can be recycled for more than 6 times, which can not only greatly reduce the preparation cost of vinylsilane, but also simplify the post-treatment process and reduce the three wastes, and has a good practical application prospect.

The invention discloses a method for treating aquaculture wastewater based on a persulfate advanced oxidation technology, which comprises the following steps: (1) putting prepared secondary modified zeolite into a polycarboxylate superplasticizer, stirring, then adding a solution containing Fe < 2 + > and / or Fe < 3 + >, carrying out ultrasonic treatment, then separating out a solid product, and calcining in a protective atmosphere to obtain a modified zeolite precursor; and then cooling to room temperature to obtain the three-stage modified zeolite. And (2) adding the mixture into alkali liquor for heating treatment, then mixing the obtained solid product with a calcium nitrate solution for hydrothermal reaction, and then washing and drying the obtained solid product to obtain the heterogeneous catalyst. And (3) adding persulfate and a heterogeneous catalyst into the breeding wastewater for wastewater treatment. Heterogeneous catalysis is adopted to promote persulfate to release free radicals, so that the problem of waste caused by difficulty in recycling a catalyst is solved, and the problem of secondary pollution of wastewater caused by the catalyst is favorably avoided.

The invention discloses a reaction kettle for catalytic synthesis reaction and a use method of the reaction kettle. The reaction kettle comprises a kettle body (4); the stirring mechanism comprises a driving device (2) and a stirring paddle (5) arranged in the kettle body (4); and the intrusive pressure-bearing gas guide structure comprises a gas guide tube section (3) extending into the kettle body (4). The tail end of the gas-guide tube section (3) is positioned in a mixing area acted by blades of the stirring paddle (5), and a plurality of gas-guide holes (9) are formed in the tube wall of the gas-guide tube section (3). The structure is used for directly introducing a pressurized gas-phase raw material into a liquid reaction system in the kettle, so that a traditional gas-liquid two-dimensional interface is broken under the stirring action, and three-dimensional dispersion and efficient mass transfer of the gas-phase raw material in a liquid phase are realized. According to the invention, the interface contact and mass transfer efficiency in the gas-liquid-solid heterogeneous catalytic reaction is obviously improved, and the method is especially suitable for a distributed catalytic synthesis process requiring a high catalyst utilization rate.

The present application belongs to the field of heterogeneous catalysis and material synthesis, and relates to a hollow ceramic fibrous iron-based catalyst for preparing biofuel from synthesis gas, a preparation method and application thereof. The catalyst is prepared by a coaxial electrospinning process, with polyborosilazane as a shell layer, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinylpyrrolidone and acetylacetone iron as a core layer, and through spinning, solidification, gradient temperature pyrolysis and reduction steps, a hollow ceramic fibrous iron-based catalyst is prepared. The shell layer of the catalyst is converted into a high-strength and high-temperature stable SiBCN ceramic carrier, the core layer is pyrolyzed to form a hollow cavity and in-situ load high-dispersion iron active species, and the catalyst has good mechanical strength, high hydrothermal stability and excellent catalytic activity. The application of the catalyst in a continuous flow fixed bed reactor for preparing biofuel from synthesis gas is suitable for the synthesis of sustainable aviation fuel and other biofuels.

The invention discloses a method and device for treating garbage malodorous gas through gas-liquid dielectric barrier discharge coupled catalysis, and the device comprises a low-voltage electrode which is cylindrical and is vertically arranged, the lower part of the low-voltage electrode is provided with a gas inlet and an absorption liquid outlet, and the upper part of the low-voltage electrode is provided with an absorption liquid inlet and a gas outlet; the high-voltage electrode is located at the axis of the low-voltage electrode; the blocking medium is attached to the inner wall of the low-voltage electrode; the absorption liquid distributors are annular and located at different heights of the inner wall of the blocking medium, alkaline absorption liquid is introduced into the absorption liquid distributor at the top layer through an absorption liquid inlet, and a flowing liquid film from top to bottom is formed on the inner wall of the blocking medium under redistribution of the absorption liquid distributors; and the catalyst bed layers are arranged between the barrier medium and the high-voltage electrode and are distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the high-voltage electrode. Chemical absorption, plasma and heterogeneous catalysis are coupled in the same space, the malodorous gas degradation efficiency is improved, meanwhile, the treatment cost of dielectric barrier discharge plasma is reduced, and secondary pollution caused by ozone is reduced.

The invention discloses a method for preparing 6-fluoronicotinic acid based on a heterogeneous catalytic system, which comprises the following steps: sequentially adding 2-fluoro-5-methylpyridine and a heterogeneous catalyst into a reaction kettle, and uniformly stirring and mixing; continuously introducing oxygen into the reaction kettle, heating to carry out oxidation reaction, monitoring the reaction by HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) and TCL until the conversion rate of 2-fluoro-5-methylpyridine in a reaction system is greater than or equal to 95%, then cooling to room temperature, filtering reaction liquid, washing a filter cake, drying and recovering the catalyst; after deionized water is added into the filtrate for dilution, a hydrochloric acid solution is added into the reaction system to adjust the pH value, then standing and precipitating are conducted, finally filtering is conducted, and a filter cake is dried to obtain 6-fluoronicotinic acid; the heterogeneous catalyst is a Zr-MOF (Metal Organic Framework) material loaded with TEMPO (Tetramethylpiperidine Oxide)-Cu. According to the method, 2-fluoro-5-methylpyridine is used as a raw material and a reaction medium at the same time, oxygen is used as an oxidizing agent, the 6-fluoronicotinic acid is efficiently synthesized under the catalysis of the heterogeneous catalyst, and the method is low in cost, high in product purity and yield and environmentally friendly.