Nano-engineered coatings for anode active materials, cathode active materials, and solid-state electrolytes and methods of making batteries containing nano-engineered coatings

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a nano-engineered coating for cathode active materials, anode active materials, and solid state electrolyte materials for reducing corrosion and enhancing cycle lifeof a battery, and processes for applying the disclosed coating. Also disclosed is a solid state battery including a solid electrolyte layer having a solid electrolyte particle coated by a protective coating with a thickness of 100 nm or less. The protective coating is obtained by atomic layer deposition (ALD) or molecular layer deposition (MLD). Further disclosed is a solid electrolyte layer for asolid state battery, including a porous scaffold coated by a first, solid electrolyte coating. The solid electrolyte coating has a thickness of 60 mu m or less and a weight loading of at least 20 wt.% (or preferable at least 40 wt.% or at least 50 wt.%). Further disclosed is a cathode composite layer for a solid state battery.

Description

[0001] Cross References to Related Applications [0002] This PCT application claims priority to and is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application 15 / 170,374, filed June 1, 2016, which claims priority and is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application 15 / 167,453, filed May 27, 2016, US application 15 / 167,453 claims priority to and is a continuation-in-part of US patent application 14 / 727,834, filed June 1, 2015. This application also claims priority to US Provisional Application 62 / 312,227, filed March 23, 2016. The entire content of each of the above applications is incorporated herein by reference. technical field [0003] Embodiments of the present invention relate generally to electrochemical cells. In particular, embodiments of the present invention relate to batteries having nanoengineered coatings on some of their constituent materials. More specifically, embodiments of the present invention relate to nanoengineered coatings for anode active materials, cathode active ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Therefore, the capacity loss from these side reactions cannot be recovered when the battery is cycled

[0018] Third, bulk conversion of NMC to spinel also reduces capacity and voltage

Problems addressed by the present invention include: Electrolyte oxidation at high voltages (e.g., top of charge), which depletes the electrolyte (and thus Li ions), and produces HF, leading to transition metal dissolution

However, prior to the present invention, all-solid-state secondary batteries were not commercially viable due to their performance deficiencies, such as the low conductivity of SSE materials relative to liquid electrolytes and the lack of chemical stability of conventional electrode These materials cannot be processed in advanced secondary battery processing systems, and solid-state batteries cannot be fabricated outside of controlled environments devoid of moisture and oxygen

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