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Preparation method of a superhydrophilic, underwater superoleophobic polyacrylonitrile-based oil-water separation membrane

A polyacrylonitrile base oil, underwater superoleophobic technology, applied in the separation method, immiscible liquid separation, liquid separation and other directions, can solve the problems of inconvenient large-scale production, cumbersome preparation method, complicated experimental process, etc. The effect of good mechanical properties, simple process and low cost

Active Publication Date: 2021-06-11
TIANJIN POLYTECHNIC UNIV
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

This method needs to be irradiated by ultraviolet light, and the experimental process is relatively complicated.
[0005] The existing membrane materials for oil-water separation are expensive, complicated to modify, and not convenient for large-scale production. The modification process requires the use of a large amount of organic solvents, which is likely to cause secondary pollution.
[0006] These materials are small in size and complex in structure, so preparation methods are often too cumbersome
The current challenge is how to develop relatively simple, controllable, and efficient preparation of various artificially designed multi-scale micro-nano materials. It is imminent to prepare oil-water separation materials with stable structure and performance by more environmentally friendly and simple processes.

Method used

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  • Preparation method of a superhydrophilic, underwater superoleophobic polyacrylonitrile-based oil-water separation membrane
  • Preparation method of a superhydrophilic, underwater superoleophobic polyacrylonitrile-based oil-water separation membrane
  • Preparation method of a superhydrophilic, underwater superoleophobic polyacrylonitrile-based oil-water separation membrane

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0043] Add acrylonitrile-based binary copolymer acrylonitrile-methyl acrylate (molar ratio 4:1), crystalline compound diluent caprolactam and acetamide (mass ratio of caprolactam and acetamide is 3:1) into the stirred tank, propylene The mass percentage of nitrile-methyl acrylate (molar ratio: 4 / 1) binary copolymer is 20wt%, raise the temperature to 150°C, fully stir for 2h, stop stirring, defoam at this temperature for 20min, and make cast film liquid; preheat the mold in an oven with a set temperature of 155°C for 6 minutes, pour the casting solution into a mold with a thickness of 200 μm in the middle, and then place it in the oven, keep it at 150°C for 10 minutes, and quickly take out the mold And place it at 20-30°C to cool naturally in the air, after the casting liquid crystallizes and solidifies; open the mold, extract the diluent in the nascent film in deionized water, and obtain the acrylonitrile-based copolymer flat microporous film. After drying the prepared polyacr...

Embodiment 2

[0046] Such as figure 1 As shown, the carboxyl-rich microporous membrane prepared in Example 1 is directly immersed in a polyethyleneimine solution with a mass fraction of 2wt.% and a molecular weight of 600 at 40°C for 2 hours to prepare a superhydrophilic membrane rich in a large number of amine groups on the surface. Underwater superoleophobic polyacrylonitrile-based microporous membrane. The molecular structure of polyethyleneimine is

[0047]

[0048] After testing, the amine-rich acrylonitrile-based copolymer flat microporous membrane obtained in this example has a pore size distribution of 0.18-0.27 μm, and the cross-section presents a symmetrical double-connected dendritic structure with a porosity of up to 77.5% and a fracture strength of 2.6Mpa, the elongation at break is 17%, the surface has a micro-nano structure, the roughness is 3-8μm, the water droplets in the air quickly infiltrate the microporous membrane, the air-water contact angle is 0°, and the underwa...

Embodiment 3

[0050] Such as figure 1 As shown, the carboxyl-terminated microporous membrane prepared in Example 1 is directly soaked in a solution of 10wt.% glycerol and 2wt.% hydrochloric acid (catalyst) at 40°C for 2 hours to prepare a surface rich in a large number of hydroxyl groups. Hydrophilic, underwater superoleophobic polyacrylonitrile-based microporous membrane. The molecular structure of glycerol is

[0051]

[0052] After testing, the hydroxyl-rich acrylonitrile-based copolymer flat-plate microporous membrane obtained in this example has a pore size distribution of 0.18-0.27 μm, a symmetrical double-connected dendritic structure in cross-section, a porosity of up to 78.0%, and a breaking strength of 2.8 Mpa, the elongation at break is 16%, the surface has a micro-nano structure, and the roughness is 3-7μm. In the air, water droplets quickly infiltrate the microporous membrane, the air water is 0°, and the underwater oil contact angle is 163°. Flat microporous membrane. Sh...

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Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of a superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic polyacrylonitrile-based oil-water separation membrane; the method takes acrylonitrile monomer as the main raw material and adopts an aqueous phase precipitation polymerization method to synthesize polyacrylonitrile-based copolymer things. Select a crystalline diluent and combine thermally induced phase separation to construct a polyacrylonitrile-based microporous membrane with a micro / nano structure on the surface and a high flux. Through simple modification, grafting to prepare superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic Microporous membrane, this process avoids the use of organic solvents in the synthesis and modification. The oil-water separation membrane prepared by the invention has high porosity, good compression resistance, permanent hydrophilicity and excellent underwater oleophobicity, very low adhesion to oil droplets, good anti-pollution performance, and long-term stable In operation, the high-efficiency separation from oil-water mixture to oil-in-water emulsion can be realized only by gravity or low pressure.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of oil-water separation membrane preparation, and in particular relates to a preparation method of a superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic polyacrylonitrile-based oil-water separation membrane. Background technique [0002] Oil-water separation has always been a problem that plagues the world. With the development of industry, marine oil pollution and industrial oil spill accidents occur frequently, how to efficiently separate oil from water has become an urgent problem to be solved. As an emerging smart material, superwetting materials provide a new idea for solving the problem of oil-water separation. Oil-water separation materials based on superwetting materials are mainly divided into two categories: 1) superhydrophobic / superoleophilic materials; 2) superhydrophilic / superoleophobic materials. With a micro-nano structured surface, combined with the chemical composition of the surface of the ma...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): B01D67/00B01D69/02B01D69/06B01D69/08B01D71/42B01D17/022
CPCB01D17/02B01D17/085B01D67/0009B01D67/0011B01D69/02B01D69/06B01D69/08B01D71/42B01D2323/02B01D2325/36
Inventor 韩娜谭林立张龙飞张文昕王卫静高宏坤邵卫
Owner TIANJIN POLYTECHNIC UNIV
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