A kind of waste lithium-ion battery electrolyte recycling process

Abstract

The invention discloses a recovery process for an electrolyte for a waste lithium-ion battery. The recovery process comprises the steps of (S01) drying a waste lithium battery and then disassembling the waste lithium battery; (S02) freezing disassembled positive pole piece, negative pole piece and membrane until a liquid component cannot flow and then crushing the positive pole piece, the negativepole piece and the membrane separately; (S03) putting the crushed positive pole piece, negative pole piece and membrane into an organic solvent separately, soaking and then carrying out centrifugal separation to obtain a solid component and filtrate; (S04) filtering the filtrate to obtain pure filtrate; (S05) carrying out reduced pressure distillation on the pure filtrate separately to obtain anorganic solvent and concentrated filtrate; and (S06) preparing the concentrated filtrate into an electrolyte for a new lithium battery. According to the recovery process for the electrolyte for the waste lithium-ion battery disclosed by the invention, the environmental pollution in the recovery process of the lithium-ion battery is greatly reduced, the recovery cost is reduced, the target of efficient recovery is achieved for the electrolyte in the waste lithium-ion battery, and the recovery process is especially suitable for large-scale recovery treatment.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of recycling lithium ion batteries, and in particular relates to a recycling process for electrolyte solution of waste lithium ion batteries. Background technique [0002] Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in electronics, transportation, energy storage, aerospace and other fields due to their significant advantages such as low cost, good safety performance, long life, high specific energy, no memory effect, and environmental friendliness. It is expected that in the next few years, a large number of waste batteries will be generated after the end of life of lithium-ion batteries. For scrapped or used waste power batteries that have been used in stages, they have no use value, but these batteries also contain a large amount of electrolyte, as well as non-ferrous metals (aluminum foil, copper foil) and valuable materials (positive and negative materials), If it is not handled or handled properly, it will not only po...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

For scrapped or used waste power batteries that have been used in stages, they have no use value, but these batteries also contain a large amount of electrolyte, as well as non-ferrous metals (aluminum foil, copper foil) and valuable materials (positive and negative materials), If it is not treated or handled poorly, it will not only pollute the environment, but also cause a waste of resources.

At present, the recycling rate of batteries in my country is less than 2%. This is because batteries are a complex chemical system, and battery recycling is not a simple matter. In addition, lithium battery materials and formulas of different manufacturers are different. From waste lithium batteries It is very difficult to commercialize high-value-added intermediate products such as positive electrode materials, negative electrode materials, electrolytes, and separators directly in China.

The electrolyte in the waste lithium battery is often in a state of infiltration with the positive and negative plates in the battery cell, and it is difficult to separate

[0005] (2) Using the direct extraction process to recover the electrolyte is not only difficult to operate, the amount of collection is small, but also the collected electrolyte is not uniform, so it cannot be processed in batches

[0006] (3) In the prior art, the remaining waste lithium battery materials are incinerated, and the residual electrolyte is often gasified and discharged, which not only causes waste of electrolyte, but also causes serious environmental pollution

The centrifugation method cannot extract the electrolyte soaked in the lithium-ion battery pole piece, and the direct crushing and leaching method has certain risks in the specific operation process (the safety during the crushing process is uncontrollable), and the leaching efficiency is low, and the electrolyte is easy to splash