Organic waste material aerobic fermented manure quick-composting and element stabilizing method

A technology of organic waste and aerobic fermentation, applied in the field of agricultural resources and environment, can solve the problems of low decomposing degree of compost products, unable to satisfy the rapid decomposing of livestock and poultry manure, stabilization of elements, secondary pollution and other problems at the same time

Pending Publication Date: 2018-12-18
CHINA AGRI UNIV
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] At present, the utilization of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus resources in the aerobic composting process has the following difficulties, mainly including: the release of CH during the composting process 4 , N 2 O and other greenhouse gases and a large amount of ammonia lead to the loss of carbon and nitrogen and the quality of compost products is reduced; 2 S, NH 3 , salt ions), after it is applied to the soil, the pathogenic bacteria continue to decompose organic matter, compete with plants for oxygen, and produce a local anaerobic environment; excessively high concentrations of ammonium ions, organic acids and other intermediate metabolites can also cause crop seedling burning
At the same time, for the passivation of heavy metals in livestock and poultry manure during the composting process, the main difficulties are: the low passivation rate of heavy metals in the composting process, which is easy to cause secondary pollution, and the heavy metals cannot be completely removed during the composting process. The change of organic matter form in poultry manure complexes and fixes heavy metals, reducing their activity; after the compost products are applied to the soil, the pH and microbial flora change, and the passivated heavy metal elements are easy to combine with the accompanying substances and are re-released into the soil. environment, causing secondary pollution
[0004] At present, a single composting method can no longer meet the technical needs of rapid decomposition and element stabilization of livestock and poultry manure at the same time. A new method of aerobic bioconversion composting is developed to overcome the existing technical problems and realize the rapid humification and stabilization of compost. Element stabilization has important research and promotion significance

Method used

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  • Organic waste material aerobic fermented manure quick-composting and element stabilizing method

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0065] 1. Preparation of magnetic biochar

[0066] 1. Put the corncob powder passed through a 60-mesh sieve in a muffle furnace (heating rate is 10K / min), and after pre-vacuumizing, under the continuous protection of nitrogen (100mL / min), keep the temperature constant until the temperature rises to 673K Conditional pyrolysis for 5h, then cooled to room temperature.

[0067] 2. Combine the material obtained in step 1 and 1.0mol / L of Fe(NO 3 ) 3 The solution was mixed according to the mass volume ratio of 1:10g / ml, and reacted at a constant temperature of 523K for 30min, and then a sufficient amount of 2mol / L NaOH solution and 0.1mol / L HCl solution were added to the mixture to adjust its pH to 7, and reacted for 12h.

[0068] 3. After completing step 2, wash the sample with deionized water (DI) to remove residual ash on the surface, dry it at a constant temperature of 333K for 24 hours, and seal it in a container until use.

[0069] 2. Mixed composting of pig manure and corn ...

Embodiment 2

[0086] 1. Preparation of magnetic biochar

[0087] 1. Put the corncob powder passed through a 80-mesh sieve in a muffle furnace (heating rate is 20K / min), and after pre-vacuumizing, under the continuous protection of nitrogen (150mL / min), keep the temperature constant until the temperature rises to 973K Conditional pyrolysis for 1h, then cooled to room temperature.

[0088] 2. Combine the material obtained in step 1 and 0.2mol / L of FeCl 3 The solution was mixed according to the mass volume ratio of 0.5:10g / ml, and reacted at a constant temperature of 623K for 60 minutes, and then added enough 1mol / L NaOH solution and 0.5mol / L HCl solution to the mixture to adjust its pH to 6.5, and reacted for 24 hours.

[0089] 3. After completing step 2, wash the sample with deionized water (DI) to remove residual ash on the surface, dry it at a constant temperature of 353K for 24 hours, and seal it in a container until use.

[0090] 2. Mixed compost of chicken manure and wheat straw

[0...

Embodiment 3

[0107] 1. Preparation of magnetic biochar

[0108] 1. Put the corncob powder passed through a 100-mesh sieve in a muffle furnace (heating rate is 30K / min), and after pre-evacuation, under the continuous protection of nitrogen (200mL / min), keep the temperature constant until the temperature rises to 773K Conditional pyrolysis for 4h, then cooled to room temperature.

[0109] 2, the material that step 1 obtains and the Fe of 0.5mol / L 2 (SO 4 ) 3 The solution was mixed according to the mass volume ratio of 2:10g / ml, reacted at a constant temperature of 623K for 30min, and then added enough 3mol / L NaOH solution and 1mol / L HCl solution to the mixture to adjust its pH to 7.5, and reacted for 18h.

[0110] 3. After completing step 2, wash the sample with deionized water (DI) to remove residual ash on the surface, dry it at a constant temperature of 373K for 12 hours, and seal it in a container until use.

[0111] 2. Mixed composting of pig manure and corn stalks

[0112] 1. Add ...

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Abstract

The invention discloses an organic waste material aerobic fermented manure quick-composting and element stabilizing method. By utilizing a pyrolysis / impulse type magnetic field / aerobic biotransformation technology, the effects on quickly composting fecal residue and waste water and passivating heavy metal are achieved; by utilizing a struvite crystallization method, the nitrogen loss during the composting process is resisted and controlled; by utilizing a magnetic separation technology, an organic fertilizer and magnetic charcoal adsorbing the heavy metal are successfully separated, so that the aim of improving the safety of an organic fertilizer is achieved. By utilizing the method provided by the invention, the composting index quickly reaches to a high composting level (the nitrate index (NI): NH4-N / NO3-N(0.5;GI) 90 percent), the heavy metal in an aerobic fermentation material is passivated, and the copper-zinc-arsenic-cadmium passivating rate is larger than 90 percent; meanwhile, the loss of inorganic-state nitrogen in the composting process can be effectively resisted and controlled, and the nitrogen resisting and controlling rate is larger than 90 percent; the recovery rate of the magnetic charcoal adsorbing the heavy metal is larger than 90 percent.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural resources and environment, in particular to a method for rapid decomposition and element stabilization of organic waste aerobic fermentation compost. Background technique [0002] In recent years, as my country's farming methods have gradually shifted to large-scale and intensive livestock and poultry farming and the scale of breeding has continued to expand, a large amount of livestock and poultry manure and excreta have been produced, and environmental problems such as agricultural non-point source pollution have become increasingly prominent. . It is estimated that by 2020, the production of livestock and poultry manure in my country will reach 4.244 billion tons, which is about five times that of urban municipal sludge. Livestock and poultry manure is rich in nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic matter, and trace elements, and is an important source of organic fertil...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C05G3/00C05F17/00
CPCC05B7/00C05G3/00C05F17/30C05D5/00C05D9/00C05D9/02C05F3/00C05F11/00Y02W30/40
Inventor 张涛武肖莎
Owner CHINA AGRI UNIV
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