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Application of metal dendritic crystal inhibition additive, electrolyte containing same and battery

A technology for suppressing additives and metal dendrites, applied in non-aqueous electrolyte batteries, secondary batteries, secondary battery repair/maintenance, etc., can solve problems such as dendrites are easy to break, capacity loss, battery short circuit, etc., to prolong battery life , cycle performance improvement, and the effect of inhibiting growth

Inactive Publication Date: 2020-02-21
SHANGHAI MUNICIPAL ELECTRIC POWER CO +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] During the charge and discharge process, the metal negative electrode is repeatedly dissolved and deposited. Due to the different reactivity of different parts of the metal surface, the deposition of metal on the electrode surface is uneven, and dendrites are easy to form. On the one hand, the growth of dendrites eventually stimulates Penetrating the separator, resulting in a short circuit of the battery; on the other hand, the dendrites are easily broken and fall from the electrodes, resulting in irreversible capacity loss

Method used

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  • Application of metal dendritic crystal inhibition additive, electrolyte containing same and battery
  • Application of metal dendritic crystal inhibition additive, electrolyte containing same and battery

Examples

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Embodiment 1

[0021] Use zinc flakes as the negative electrode, activated carbon as the positive electrode, and glass fiber as the diaphragm, add 0.1 mol / L tetrabutylammonium bromide additive to the 0.2 mol / L zinc bromide electrolyte, and assemble the battery. Charge and discharge current density is 5mA / cm 2 , the charge and discharge voltage range is 0.5-1.9V, and the surface morphology of the zinc anode after 100 hours of cycling is as follows: figure 1 As shown, it is still very flat, without dendrite growth.

Embodiment 2

[0023] Use zinc sheet as negative electrode, copper sheet as positive electrode, glass fiber as diaphragm, add 0.2 mol / L tetrapropylammonium bromide additive in 0.5 mol / L zinc bromide electrolyte, and assemble the battery. Charge and discharge current density is 5mA / cm 2 , charge and discharge capacity is 2mAh / cm 2 , the battery cycle performance as figure 2 As shown, it can be stably cycled for more than 1500 times, and the Coulombic efficiency is about 100%.

[0024] In summary, the present invention has discovered a new use of a class of compounds as metal dendrite inhibitory additives, metal-based batteries comprising the metal dendrite inhibitory additives of the present invention, during battery charging, the electrophilic groups or Dissolved in the electrolyte, the dissociated organic cations will be adsorbed on the small protrusions on the surface of the metal negative electrode under the action of electrostatic force, preventing metal ions from depositing on these ...

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Abstract

The invention discloses application of a metal dendritic crystal inhibition additive, an electrolyte containing the same and a battery. The dendritic crystal inhibition additive provided by the invention is used as an additive of an electrolyte of a metal-based battery. The additive comprises a compound with an electrophilic group in a molecular structure or capable of dissociating organic cationsin the electrolyte. The metal-based battery containing the metal dendritic crystal inhibiting additive is provided, in the charging process of the battery, electrophilic groups in the additive or organic cations dissociated after being dissolved in electrolyte can be adsorbed on the small bulges on the surface of a metal negative electrode under the action of electrostatic force, and metal ions are prevented from being deposited on the small bulges, so that the growth of dendrites is inhibited, the service life of the battery is prolonged, and the coulombic efficiency of the battery is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy, and relates to a metal dendrite inhibiting additive and its application. Background technique [0002] As the energy crisis and environmental problems continue to intensify, it is imperative to develop new green and renewable energy sources. However, new energy sources such as solar energy and wind energy are unstable and cannot be directly integrated into the grid. Therefore, large-scale energy storage technology has become a research hotspot at home and abroad. Metal-based batteries are one of them. [0003] At present, the widely used lithium-ion battery uses graphite as the negative electrode, and the charging and discharging of the battery is realized through the intercalation and extraction of lithium ions in the graphite. However, the ion intercalation sites that graphite can provide are limited, which limits its energy density. Metal-based batteries include batteries that use metal ma...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M10/0567H01M10/05H01M10/42
CPCH01M10/05H01M10/0567H01M10/4235Y02E60/10
Inventor 梁宵高禄杰彭鹏邵宇鹰马鲁顾天陈婷庄贝妮
Owner SHANGHAI MUNICIPAL ELECTRIC POWER CO
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