Electroactive materials modified with molecular thin film shell
A technology of active materials and shell materials, applied in the field of electrochemical active structures
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Embodiment I
[0079] Example I: Preparation of Electrochemically Active Structures
[0080] CuCl 2 2H 2 A solution of O (85 mg, 0.5 mmol) in oleylamine (5 g, 18.7 mmol) and oleic acid (0.1 g, 0.354 mmol) was sonicated in a glass vial until completely dissolved. Tris(trimethylsilyl)silane (0.5 g, 2.0 mmol) was added and the mixture was heated to 120 °C until the dark blue solution turned clear yellow. The mixture was further heated to 165 °C for 18 hours (e.g. as described in Cui F, Yu Y, Dou L, et. al. Nano Letters 2015, 15, 7610-7615, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety This article). The resulting copper nanowires with shells were isolated via centrifugation (12,000 rpm, 10 min) and washed twice with toluene and ethanol (10 mL).
Embodiment II
[0081] Example II: Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) Analysis of Electrochemically Active Structures
[0082] Electrochemically active structures were prepared according to Example I and analyzed using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) over a temperature range of about 0°C to about 800°C.
[0083] Figure 11-14 The XPS spectrum corresponding to the electrochemically active structure prepared according to Example 1 is shown. in particular, Figure 11 The XPS spectrum of the copper core in the electrochemically active structure prepared according to Example 1 is shown. Figure 12 The XPS spectrum of nitrogen from the shell material in the electrochemically active structure prepared according to Example 1 is shown. Figure 13 The XPS spectrum of the carbon from the shell material in the electrochemically active structure prepared according to Example 1 is shown. Figure 14 The...
Embodiment III
[0087] Example III: Charging / Discharging of Electrochemically Active Structures
[0088] Electrochemically active structures were prepared as in Example I and provided as part of a three-electrode cell. In particular, the electrochemically active structure was provided as part of the working electrode, along with super P carbon black (SP) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), in a weight ratio of about 8:1:1. The cell also contained a silver wire in 0.01 M silver trifluoromethanesulfonate (AgoTf) / 1-methyl-1-propylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (MPPyTFSI). A reference electrode and a counter electrode made of platinum wire. The cell contains 1 M of N,N,N-trimethyl-N-neopentyl ammonium fluoride (NpMe 3 NF) / bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)ether (BTFE) electrolyte.
[0089] Figure 5 The charging / discharging of electrochemically active structures at low currents (ie, about 10 μA) is presented. Such as Figure 5 As shown in , a high practical capacity (ie, 20...
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