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Metal complexes for use as gas generants

A technology of gas generation and complexes, which is applied in the field of providing such complexes, water vapor and nitrogen, and combustion to generate gases, which can solve problems such as limitations

Inactive Publication Date: 2000-06-07
ALLIANT TECHSYST INC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In this regard, industry standards limit the permissible amount of various gases and particles generated by the operation of auxiliary braking systems

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0076] According to "The Triamines of Cobalt(III). I. Geometrical Isomers of Trinitrotriamminecobalt(III)" by Hagel et al. 9 Inorganic Chemistry, 1496 (June 1970) prepared a certain amount (132.4g) of Co(NH 3 ) 3 (NO 2 ) 3 A solution of 7 g of a 38% wt pyrotechnic grade vinyl acetate / vinyl alcohol polymer resin commonly known as VAAR in methyl acetate was stirred in 35 ml of methanol. The solvent was partially evaporated. Force the pasty mixture through a 20-mesh sieve, dry to a firm degree, and sieve again. The resulting particles were then dried under vacuum for 12 hours at ambient temperature. Pellets of dry material half inch in diameter are compressed. The pellets were fired at several different pressures ranging from 600-3300 psig. It was found that at 1000 psig, the burning rate of the generant was 0.237 inches per second and the pressure index was 0.85 above the pressure range measured. Example 2

Embodiment 2

[0077] Repeat the technological process of embodiment 1, use 100g Co(NH 3 ) 3 (NO 2 ) 3 and 34 g of a 12% wt nylon solution in methanol. Granulation was accomplished by passing through 10-mesh and 16-mesh sieves, followed by air drying. At 1000 psig, the composition was found to have a burn rate of 0.290 inches per second and a pressure index of 0.74. Example 3

Embodiment 3

[0078] With the method similar to embodiment 1, 400g Co(NH 3 ) 3 (NO 2 ) 3Stir with 219 g of a 12%wt solution of nitrocellulose in acetone. Nitrocellulose contains 12.6% nitrogen. The solvent was partially evaporated. The pasty mixture is forced through an 8-mesh sieve, followed by a 24-mesh sieve. The resulting granulation was dried in air overnight and sufficient calcium stearate release agent was incorporated to make it 0.3%wt in the final product. A portion of the resulting material was compressed into 1 / 2 inch diameter pellets found to have a burning velocity of 0.275 inches per second and a pressure index of 0.79 at 1000 psig. The remaining material was compressed into 1 / 8 inch diameter, 0.07 inch thick pellets on a rotary tablet press. The density of the pellets was measured to be 1.88 g / cc. The theoretical flame temperature of this composition is 2358°K, calculated to provide a gas mass fraction of 0.72. Example 4

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Abstract

Gas generating compositions and methods for their use are provided. Metal complexes are used as gas-generating compositions. These complexes are comprised of a metal cation template, a neutral ligand containing hydrogen and nitrogen, and sufficient oxidizing anion to balance the charge of the complex. The complexes are formulated such that when the complex combusts, nitrogen gas and water vapor is produced. Specific examples of such complexes include metal nitrite ammine, metal nitrate ammine, and metal perchlorate ammine complexes, as well as hydrazine complexes. A binder and co-oxidizer can be combined with the metal complexes to improve crush strength of the gas-generating compositions and to permit efficient combustion of the binder. Such gas-generating compositions are adaptable for use in gas-generating devices, such as automobile air bags.

Description

field of invention [0001] The present invention relates to complexes of transition metals or alkaline earth metals which can be used for combustion to generate gases. The present invention relates more particularly to the provision of such complexes which rapidly oxidize to produce large quantities of gases, especially water vapor and nitrogen. Background of the invention [0002] Gas generating chemical compositions are used in a number of different areas. An important application of such compositions is in the operation of "airbags". Air bags are gaining acceptance, and many, if not most, new cars are being fitted with such devices. In fact, many new cars are equipped with multiple air bags to protect the driver and passengers. [0003] In the case of automotive airbags, a sufficient amount of gas must be generated to inflate the device within a fraction of a second. The airbag must be fully inflated between the time the car is struck in an acciden...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): B60R21/26B01J7/00B01J19/00C06B29/00C06B31/00C06B41/00C06B43/00C06D5/00C06D5/06
CPCC06B29/00C06D5/06C06B31/00C06B43/00C06B41/00
Inventor J·C·欣肖D·W·多尔R·J·布劳G·K·伦德
Owner ALLIANT TECHSYST INC
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