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High-molecular electrolyte fuel cell

A polymer electrolyte and fuel cell technology, applied in the direction of solid electrolyte fuel cells, fuel cells, fuel cell components, etc., can solve problems such as degradation of battery characteristics

Inactive Publication Date: 2004-08-11
PANASONIC CORP
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Conversely, even if the conductivity is 50 μS / cm or less, ion species that greatly degrade battery characteristics may dissolve in the cleaning solution

Method used

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Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment approach 1

[0087]The fuel cell of this embodiment is characterized by controlling the types and amounts of impurities eluted from the conductive separator and causing deterioration of the fuel cell characteristics, and when the separator contains impurities, these impurities are removed to a certain level. Level.

[0088] The impurities eluted from the separator include sulfite ion, chloride ion, bromide ion, ammonium ion and TOC. Among them, TOC (total or ganic carbon) represents the amount of carbon in organic matter present in water, and is also called organic carbon. Hereinafter, TOC is also simply referred to as organic matter.

[0089] In the long-term operation of the fuel cell, the impurity substances are eluted and accumulated in small amounts every time, which continuously deteriorates the battery characteristics. However, in a conductive separator subjected to a predetermined cleaning treatment, since the content of ions and organic matter is greatly reduced, a fuel cell using the...

Embodiment approach 2

[0146] The present invention is characterized in the following aspects: it is stipulated to limit the types and amounts of impurities eluted from the gasket composed of the sealing material and cause the deterioration of the fuel cell characteristics, and to remove them to a certain level when the gasket contains impurities.

[0147] The impurities eluted from the gasket include sulfide ions, sulfite ions, chloride ions, bromide ions, ammonium ions, TOC and so on.

[0148] During the long-term operation of the fuel cell, the above-mentioned impurities are eluted and accumulated in small amounts every time, which continuously deteriorates the battery characteristics. However, in the gasket subjected to a predetermined cleaning process, the content of ions and organic substances is greatly reduced, so a fuel cell using the gasket can maintain high cell characteristics.

[0149] As the sealing material constituting the gasket, fluororubber, silicone rubber, natural rubber, EPDM, buty...

Embodiment 1～26、 comparative example 1～45

[0169] (i) Manufacturing method of electrode electrolyte membrane assembly (MEA)

[0170] use Figure 5 The method of manufacturing the electrode electrolyte membrane assembly (MEA) used in this example will be described. Figure 5 It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the structure of the MEA.

[0171] The MEA 15 includes an electrode 13 composed of a diffusion layer 11 and a catalyst layer 12 formed on one surface thereof, and a polymer electrolyte membrane 14 sandwiched by a pair of electrodes 13. The diffusion layer 11 uses carbon paper or carbon nonwoven fabric.

[0172] 25% by weight of platinum particles with an average particle diameter of about 30 angstroms are supported on the acetylene black powder and used as the electrode catalyst powder. The liquid obtained by dispersing the catalyst powder in isopropanol is mixed with the solution obtained by dispersing the powder of perfluorocarbon sulfonic acid in ethanol to obtain a catalyst blade.

[0173] The carbon...

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Abstract

The present invention is directed to a polymer electrolyte fuel cell including: a hydrogen ion conductive polymer electrolyte membrane; a pair of electrodes sandwiching the membrane; a pair of conductive separators each having a gas flow channel means, one of which supplies a fuel gas to one of the electrodes and the other supplies an oxidant gas to the other electrode; and gaskets, each of which is sandwiched between the conductive separator and the hydrogen ion conductive polymer electrolyte membrane to surround the periphery of the electrode and the gas flow channel means, wherein a gram of the conductive separator or the gasket, which is kept immersed in water of 80 to 100°C for 50 hours, leaches into the water not more than 300 µg of TOC, not more than 50 µg of ammonium ion, not more than 50 µg of chloride ion, not more than 20 µg of bromide ion and not more than 10 µg of sulfite ion.

Description

Background technique [0001] A fuel cell using a polymer electrolyte is a fuel cell that generates electricity and heat at the same time by electrochemically reacting a fuel gas containing hydrogen and an oxidizing gas containing oxygen such as air. [0002] The fuel cell includes a polymer electrolyte membrane that selectively transports hydrogen ions and a pair of electrodes arranged on both sides of the polymer electrolyte membrane. This is called MEA (electrolyte membrane electrode assembly). The electrode includes a catalyst layer mainly composed of carbon powder supporting a platinum-based metal catalyst, and a gas diffusion layer having both air permeability and electronic conductivity formed on the outer surface of the catalyst layer. The gas diffusion layer is formed of a porous body such as carbon paper and KA-BON CROS. [0003] In order to mechanically fix it on the outside of the MEA and simultaneously connect adjacent MEAs in electrical series, a conductive separator m...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): B29D99/00H01M2/08H01M8/00H01M8/02H01M8/10
CPCH01M8/0213H01M8/0284H01M8/0221H01M8/0247Y02E60/50H01M8/0286H01M8/0226
Inventor 柴田础一原田充面屋和则浦田隆行长谷伸启日下部弘树小原英夫伊藤浩一
Owner PANASONIC CORP
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