Process for preparing precursor fiber of cellulose base carbon fiber

Abstract

The present invention relates to preparation process of precursor fiber of cellulose base carbon fiber in chemical fiber production. The preparation process includes mixing concentrated NMMO aqua and carbon black for carbon black water in the weight ratio of 20-10000, decomprssion distillation to obtain NMMO / carbon black solution with water content 24-28 wt%, adding the mixtue of sliced cellulose pulp and NMMO / carbon black solution in the weight ratio of 5-15 to 100 into dissolving reactor, swelling and stirring at 70-90 deg.c, raising the temperature to 90-120 deg.c, stirring and decomprssion distillation to eliminate water and form cellulose / NMMO / carbon black spinning liquid with water content of 12-14 wt%, and dry-wet spinning to obtain the precursor fiber. The present invention has high carbonizing yield, high mechanical performance of the carbon fiber, raised spinnability of the spinning liquid, non-toxic solvent, high solvent recovering rate and environment friendship.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to the preparation method of the precursor fiber of carbon fiber in the chemical fiber industry, particularly refer to the technology of adding carbon black to spinning the precursor fiber of cellulose-based carbon fiber in N-methylmorpholine oxide (NMMO) aqueous solution . The carbon fiber prepared by using the precursor fiber has high strength, high modulus, ablation resistance and other properties, and can be widely used in the fields of aviation, aerospace, military, energy, transportation and medicine. Background technique [0002] Carbon fiber is a fibrous carbon material, and its preparation is generally obtained by using organic polymer fibers as precursor fibers and undergoing oxidation and carbonization treatments. At present, the three major precursor fibers for preparing carbon fibers are polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers, pitch fibers and cellulose fibers. In the world carbon fiber market, PAN-based carbon fibe...

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Problems solved by technology

The production process of Lyocell is simple and clean. Compared with traditional viscose fiber, Lyocell fiber has the characteristics of round cross-section, uniform structure, high degree of orientation and crystallinity, and good mechanical properties. Moreover, its fineness can be adjusted by adjusting the spinning process. The parameters are controlled, and using this fiber as a precursor fiber can prepare cellulose-based carbon fibers with better performance than traditional viscose-based carbon fibers, but this method still has problems such as high cost due to insufficient carbonization yield.

Therefore, while reducing environmental pollution, further increasing the carbonization yield of cellulose-based carbon fibers and improving their mechanical properties have become one of the focuses of scientists, but so far there is no related patent