Method of making composite particles with tailored surface characteristics

a surface characteristic and composite particle technology, applied in metal-working apparatus, transportation and packaging, coatings, etc., can solve the problems of difficult or impossible to transport coarse micro-scale particles through the subsoil, product unsuitable for many applications, and limited commercial use of materials, etc., to achieve cost-effective and scalable, inexpensively produced on a large scale, and superior reactivity

Inactive Publication Date: 2006-07-13
ONMATERIALS
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0014] The present invention is a cost-effective and scalable technique for producing sub-micrometer and nanocrystalline zero valent metal particles and particle suspensions by depositing metal onto the surface of a host par

Problems solved by technology

It is difficult or impossible to transport coarse microscale particles through the subsoil as the particles settle rapidly and are strained or filtered before they reach the contaminant phase.
The large particle size makes this product unsuitable for many applications including in-situ remediation, for example.
This is a slow and expensive process that results in material having very limited commercial use.
The particles also have residual boron that is undesirable for some applications.
Aggregated particles still provide a high surface area but behave like coarse particles when injected underground and offer less than ideal sub-surface mobility.
Although less expensive than chemically precipitated product, this product is also prohibitively expensive for most applications.
This product is also aggregated with less than ideal underground mobility.
This procedure also o

Method used

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  • Method of making composite particles with tailored surface characteristics
  • Method of making composite particles with tailored surface characteristics
  • Method of making composite particles with tailored surface characteristics

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

Aluminum Oxide with Spherical Carbon Steel Ball Bearings

[0067] 1240 g of 0.5 mm diameter spherical case hardened steel ball bearings (Union Process, Akron Ohio), 230 g of solvent (diethylene glycol monoethyl ether), and 2.2 g dispersant (Disperbyk® 180, ALTANA Chemie, Wessel Germany) were added to a disc mill with a 750 mL vertical mixing chamber (HDDM-01 disc mill, Union Process, Akron, Ohio). The mill speed was set to 2500 RPM and was operated at a constant temperature of 30° C. in a nitrogen atmosphere. Subsequently about 490 g of roughly spherical aluminum oxide particles (RCHP, Baikowski Malakoff, Malakoff, Tex.) were added in stages to help maintain a fluid suspension. As the softer metal contacted the alumina particles, metal was deposited onto exposed surfaces. The particle slurry, initially white, became darker with increasing time. This indicated that iron was deposited onto the particle surface. After 3 hr. slurry was harvested by decanting the mixture into a vessel. Th...

example 2

Aluminum Oxide with Ultrasoft® Steel Shot

[0068] About 1060 g of roughly spherical steel blasting grit (Ultrasoft® US-280, Peerless Metal Detroit, Mich.), 250 g of solvent (diethylene glycol monoethyl ether), and 2.3 g dispersant (Disperbyk® 180) were added to the HDDM-01 disc mill with a 750 mL vertical mixing chamber. The mill speed was set to 2500 RPM and was operated at a constant temperature of 30° C. in a nitrogen atmosphere. Subsequently about 425 g of roughly spherical aluminum oxide particles (P730, Almatis, Pittsburgh, Pa.) was added in stages to help maintain a fluid suspension. After 3 hr., slurry color was dark metallic gray and the metal source particles were separated by settling. Powder surface area was measured at about 12 m2 / g.

example 3

Aluminum Oxide with AT40.29 Iron Particles

[0069] About 1050 g of roughly spherical iron particles (AT40.29, North American Hoganas, Hollsopple, Pa.) and 250 g of solvent (diethylene glycol monoethyl ether) were added to the HDDM-01 disc mill with a 750 mL vertical mixing chamber. The mill speed was set to 3000 RPM and was operated at a constant temperature of 30° C. in a nitrogen atmosphere. Subsequently about 425 grams of roughly spherical aluminum oxide particles (P10 Feinst, Almatis) was added in stages. After 3 hr. slurry color was dark metallic gray. The mill speed was reduced to 1500 RPM and 4.2 g of dispersant (Disperbyk® 180) was added to reduce viscosity and enable separation of iron source particles by settling. Powder surface area was measured at about 19 m2 / g. FIG. 3 is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) picture showing the discreet sub-micrometer particles, generally free of agglomerates and aggregates.

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Abstract

The invention describes a procedure to make metal containing composite particles and composite particle suspensions. The procedure is versatile and can produce particles with a variety of particle sizes and compositions. For some applications the metal composite particles can provide the functionality of wholly metallic particles including configurations where the metal is located on the particle surface. Such metals have application in a wide variety of fields, including accomplishing electrochemical reduction and catalysis.

Description

[0001] The U.S. Government has a paid-up license in this invention and the right in limited circumstances to require the patent owner to license others on reasonable terms as provided for by the terms of Contract Nos. 68-D-03-033 and EP-D-04-059 awarded by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).BACKGROUND [0002] Materials have properties that can be ascribed to either surface or bulk characteristics. These parameters include catalytic activity, electrical and thermal conductivity, optical, electronic, chemical and mechanical properties. Particles with metallic exteriors of tailored compositions and thickness can exploit these properties while providing control over other properties such and density, material cost and particle behavior. [0003] Such metals have application in a wide variety of fields, including but not limited to water treatment, remediation, diagnostic medicine, drug delivery, and cosmetics. For example, zero valent metals may be useful as fillers, such as those f...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): B22F1/00C22C1/05B22F1/17B22F1/18
CPCB22F1/025B22F2009/045B22F2999/00B22F9/04B22F1/17B22F1/18
Inventor FREIM, JOHN OLIVER IIIBICKMORE, CLINT RONALD
Owner ONMATERIALS
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