The invention provides a method for culturing baby hamster kidney (BHK) 21 cell in a serum-free way, which leads the BHK 21 cell to be inoculated into a cell culture medium for culturing, wherein the cell culture medium comprises a basic culture medium and further comprises 100-200g/100L of soy protein, 100-200g/100L of pea protein, 100-200g/100L of broad bean protein, 0-100g/100L of potato protein, 0-200g/100L of wheat gluten protein and 50-100g/100L of rice protein by taking the volume of solvent of the culture medium as reference. In addition, the invention also provides a vaccine (such asrabies vaccine and foot-and-mouth disease vaccine) preparation method comprising the method for culturing the BHK 21 cell. The BHK 21 cell cultured by the culture medium containing the vegetable protein is high in culture density, beneficial to separating down-stream products of the cells, low in cost, small in batch difference, good in safety and suitable for producing virus host, expression vector and the like of biological products such as vaccine and the like.