The present disclosure provides nanostructures and
nanostructure-based vaccines. Some nanostructures of the present disclosure display antigens capable of eliciting an immune response to infectious agents such as
bacteria, viruses, and pathogens. Some vaccines of the present disclosure are useful for preventing or reducing the severity of infection by infectious agents including, but not limited to,
Lyme disease, pertussis,
herpes virus, orthomyxovirus, paramyxovirus,
pneumovirus, filovirus,
flavivirus, reovirus,
retrovirus, meningococcus, or
malaria. The antigens can be attached to the core of the
nanostructure non-covalently or covalently, including as a
fusion protein or by other means disclosed herein. Multimeric antigens can optionally be displayed along the symmetry axis of the
nanostructure. Also provided are proteins and
nucleic acid molecules encoding such proteins, vaccine compositions, and methods of administration.