The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine for health maintenance, prevention and treatment of respiratory system diseases, and belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicines. The traditional Chinese medicine comprises a medicine mask and a medicine jacket, wherein the active ingredient of the medicine mask is at least prepared from the following traditional Chinese medicines: Ningpo yam rhizome, gambir plant, light yellow sophora root, cassia seed, ternate pinellia, Chinese eaglewood, divaricate saposhnikovia root, milkvetch root, largehead atractylodes rhizome and wrinkled gianthyssop herb; and the active ingredient of the medicine jacket is prepared from the following traditional Chinese medicines: Ningpo yam rhizome, gambir plant, light yellow sophora root, cassia seed, ternate pinellia, Chinese eaglewood, divaricate saposhnikovia root, milkvetch root, largehead atractylodes rhizome, wrinkled gianthyssop herb, white mustard seed, codonopsis pilosula, blackberrylily rhizome, blighted wheat, Chinese magnoliavine fruit, platycodon root, loquat leaf, medicinal evodia fruit, giant typhonium rhizome, manchurian wildginger herb, dried ginger, ephedra herb, common coltsfoot flower, perilla fruit, ginseng, Szechuan lovage rhizome and licorice root. The selected medicinal materials have the effects of relieving exterior syndromes to eliminate pathogenic factors, freeing lung, dredging collaterals, relieving asthma, lowering the adverse flow of qi, eliminating phlegm, relieving cough, invigorating the lung and the kidney, and strengthening vital qi to eliminate pathogenic factors to combine prevention, treatment and health maintenance, so that the traditional Chinese medicine has the advantages of safety and no toxic or side effects, is capable of treating both symptoms and root causes, is low in price and being simple and easy to implement, and is suitable for popularization application in the aspects of clinical treatment, rehabilitation, health maintenance and the like.