The invention discloses an H264-based real-time mobile video service control method, which belongs to the field of real-time streaming media and mobile network transmission. The method includes the following steps: a real-time video is coded according to H264, a low bit rate and low resolution, the coded H264 video data are then packed, the processed video data is transmitted to a mobile terminal according to the real-time stream transmission protocol, a three-phase bit rate control method is adopted, the status of a mobile network channel is detected and fed back by a transmission control mechanism in the process of transmission, and according to feedback information, bit rate control is carried out at the coding end. Finally, the transmitted video data is decoded and displayed by the mobile terminal. The method can effectively guarantee the real-time mobile video service quality in a mobile network environment.