87results about How to "Shorten composting cycle" patented technology

The disclosure relates to a method of fermenting and composting feces of livestock and poultry, which contains antibiotics and heavy metal ions. The method includes the following steps: under electrolytic treatment conditions, contacting a mixture material containing the feces of livestock and poultry with a compound catalyst to perform fermentation and composting, so that organic pollutants in the feces of livestock and poultry are subjected to an oxidization reaction on an anode while the heavy metal ions are subjected to a reducing reaction on a cathode and are converted into precipitates, thereby producing safe and effective organic fertilizers. In the method, the composting treatment of the feces of livestock and poultry is carried out with assistance of an electrochemical method, so that not only are antibiotics in the feces of livestock and poultry removed but also heavy metal ions are recovered. Meanwhile, by adding the compound catalyst, a synergistic effect on the composting process and the electrochemical reaction is achieved, so that the composting reaction is effectively accelerated and speed of electrolytically removing the antibiotics and heavy metal ions is increased, thereby increasing composting fertilizer efficiency and shortening composting period.

The invention discloses a soilless plant cultivation substrate and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the cultivation substrate disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps: firstly, uniformly mixing agricultural and forestry waste, water, a fermentation catalyst, a fermentation fungicide, bamboo vinegar and/or pyroligneous liquor to carry out fermentation treatment for the first time to prepare a first fermentation substrate; and then, adding the fermentation catalyst, the water, the bamboo vinegar and/or the pyroligneous liquor into the first fermentation substrate to carry out fermentation treatment for the second time to obtain the soilless plant cultivation substrate, wherein the fermentation catalyst comprises rhamnolipid. The plant cultivation substrate prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention is balanced in nutrition, high in nutritional ingredient content, reasonable in structure, stable in physical property and convenient for being absorbed by plants, satisfies plant growth needs, improves survival rate for plant cultivation and ornamental effect.

A three-layer rapid composting device and a composting method by the device relate to a composting device and a composting method by the device. The invention aims to solve problems of long composting period, odor pollution and low fermentation efficiency that exist in an existing membrane-covered composting method. The device of the invention comprises a trapezoid cement base, a draught fan, a perforated feed pipe, a V-shaped percolate guiding chute, a waterproof and breathable membrane, a percolate draft tube and a percolate collecting box. the method of the invention comprises the following steps: 1, burden distribution: a fermentation material and a compost clinker are mixed and the mixture is placed at the bottom of the three-layer rapid composting device, the compost clinker is covered, and a waterproof and breathable membrane is covered; 2, fermentation for 7-20 days. According to the invention, the compost clinker and the fermentation material are mixed without adding a conditioner. Thus, purchase expense of a conditioner is reduced, composting period is shortened, and energy consumption is decreased. By changing ventilation direction, no energy is additionally added. In addition, fermentation efficiency is enhanced, and composting period can be remarkably shortened.

The present invention relates to new technological process of aerobically composting sludge with suspended biological carrier normally used in sewage treatment as the amendment. The sludge material is added with wood dust in 5-15 wt% of sludge and suspending biological carrier stuffing in 5-10 wt% of sludge as the amendment to make the stirred material possess water content of 60-70 %. The aerobic fermentation apparatus is dynamically controlled I ventilation and stirring frequency for fast composing treatment. Finally, the suspending biological carrier stuffing is sieved out for reuse. The new amendment of the present invention has good attaching performance, no loss and reuse, and the present invention has high composing efficiency.

The invention discloses a soilless plant culturing medium and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method includes the steps of: uniformly mixing forestry and agricultural wastes, water, a fermentation conditioner, a fermentation inoculant, and bamboo vinegar liquid and/or wood vinegar liquid to perform primary fermentation to obtain a first fermentation substrate; adding the fermentation conditioner, water and the bamboo vinegar liquid and/or wood vinegar liquid to perform secondary fermentation. The fermentation conditioner includes [beta]-cyclodextrin, sawdust and bottom mud from fish pool. The plant culturing medium has balanced nutrients, is high in content of the nutrients, has reasonable structure and stable physical characters, is convenient to absorb by plants, satisfies demand of growth of plants, and improves survival rate and ornamental effect of plants.

The invention belongs to the technical field of organic solid waste treatment, and particularly relates to a circular treatment method suitable for landscaping organic solid waste. According to the method, landscaping waste is subjected to smashing, hammer milling and multi-stage linkage screening to obtain medium-particle-size waste and small-particle-size waste; the medium-particle-size waste forms a colored organic mulch product through treatment means such as stacking, decomposing, fermenting, dyeing and drying; the small-particle-size waste is subjected to composting treatment in a unified mode, and a compost product with high quality is obtained through a process combining two times of fermentation, and can be directly used for soil improvement and production of a green nutrient medium. Crushed landscaping waste is classified, reasonable disposal modes are selected according to different materials, complementary advantages are formed among multiple processes, multiple resource utilization products are prepared, and meanwhile, complete dust prevention, wastewater treatment and other processes are combined, so that secondary pollution is avoided while the landscaping waste is fully recycled.

The invention discloses a method for treating garden wastes by utilizing earthworms and a prepared plant culture substrate. The method comprises the steps of carrying out aerobic composting treatment and earthworm composting treatment on the garden wastes in sequence. The garden wastes are composed through utilizing the composting treatment and a composted product is formed, so that resource utilization of the garden wastes is promoted. According to the method disclosed by the invention, in a garden waste composting process, the degradation speed of the garden wastes can be improved, and the growth speed and reproduction speed of the earthworms can also be improved; a composted product obtained by the method for treating the garden wastes, provided by the invention, has balanced nutrients, high nutrient components, a reasonable structure and stable physical properties; the composted product is prepared into a flower plant culture substrate, and the survival rate and ornamental effect of flower plant cultivation can be improved.

The invention discloses an organic fertilizer prepared from cow dung and straws and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, uniformly mixing cow dung, fruit and vegetable straws and high-carbon auxiliary materials; stacking a mixture obtained in the previous step layer by layer to form a piled body, and spraying a decomposition agent and fillingthe piled body with a decomposition fertilizer in the process of stacking; and introducing hot air into the piled body, covering the surface of the piled body with a thin film, turning over the piledbody for the first time after a period of time, adding a nitrogen fixing agent in the process, covering the piled body with the thin film for continuous composting, uncovering the thin film after a period of time, and performing free composting to obtain the organic fertilizer. By adopting the method disclosed by the invention, harmless treatment of vegetable waste can be realized, the vegetablewaste can be recycled as a fertilizer, and environmental pollution can be effectively avoided; and the organic fertilizer prepared by adopting the method disclosed by the invention is easily absorbedby crops and plays a positive role in increasing the yield of the crops.

The invention discloses a highly-efficient back-mixing roller-type aerobic composting reaction device. The highly-efficient back-mixing roller-type aerobic composting reaction device comprises a rotating cylinder body which is connected with a driving unit capable of realizing rotation around a shaft, wherein the rotating cylinder body is horizontally inclined downwards for a certain angle along the direction from a feeding inlet to a discharging outlet; a plurality of material shoveling plates are fixedly arranged on the inner peripheral wall of the rotating cylinder body; at least two groupsof material shoveling plates are distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotating cylinder body; each group of material shoveling plates are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the rotating cylinder body at intervals; the material shoveling plates in each group are arranged in a staggered mode; each material shoveling plate is composed of a bottom plate and a baffleplate; one ends of bottom plates are fixed with the inner circumferential wall of the rotating cylinder body; and the other ends of the bottom plates face a feeding direction and incline towards the center of the rotating cylinder body with an inclination angle in a range of 45 degrees to 65 degrees. According to the invention, the material shoveling plates are used for pushing a decomposed material at a rear end position to efficiently flow back to the front end of the reactor for inoculation of a fresh material to increase the abundance of microorganisms in the fresh material and promote rapid degradation of organic wastes, so the composting efficiency is effectively improved, and the product quality is improved.

The invention provides a method for making compost by using poultry night soil. The method comprises the following steps: blending fresh poultry night soil with a microbial agent according to a mass ratio of 1000:1, adding straw powder, carrying out pile turning mixing to obtain 1 part by mass of a compost body, and distributing 1 part by mass of the uniformly mixed compost body in a fermentation bed. The method for making compost by using poultry night soil allows decomposed compost intermediate products to be added to the fermentation bed in a circulating manner, so the compost rapid heating is promoted, the compost process is accelerated, the compost period is shortened, and the consumption amount of the microbial agent is reduced, thereby the production cost is reduced. The method has the advantages of short period, high yield, no pollution, no bacteria, ovum residue and the like, enables a fertilizer generated in the invention to have a high retention rate of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other elements, processes high pollution wastes, creates new economic values, and has good economic and social benefits and very good demonstration and popularization values.

The invention relates to an organic solid waste composting aeration system. The system is used for a dynamic bin type composting process, accurately controls the temperature and aeration rate of a compost body through a unique aeration mode matched with mechanical turning equipment, and can realize automatic collection of odor, high efficiency and low consumption. The organic solid waste composting aeration system comprises a temperature sensor, a perforated aeration pipe, an air blower, an induced draft fan, a valve, an odor collecting pipe and a connecting pipeline. In the fermentation bin,a pile-turning machine works according to a preset frequency, materials move from the head of the fermentation bin to the tail of the fermentation bin under the pile-turning action of the pile-turningmachine, and the materials are fed once after each pile-turning; the pile turning frequency in one fermentation period is n, and the materials in the fermentation bin can be divided into n sections according to the feeding sequence; and through the perforated aeration pipe correspondingly arranged at the bottom of the fermentation bin, air is blown or induced to the section of materials accordingto monitoring data of the temperature sensor at the corresponding position, and the technological purposes of ventilation aeration, odor collection and temperature control are achieved.

The invention discloses a device for preparing a fertilizer by using excess sludge and agricultural and forestry waste. The device comprises a mixing system, a fermentation composting system, a screening system, a granulation and drying system, an exhaust gas treatment system, and a wastewater backflow system. Compared with the prior art, by using water, aerobiotic microorganisms and anoxic microorganisms in the excess sludge and cellulose in the agricultural and forestry waste, the device achieves organic matter degradation, pathogenic bacterium killing and heavy metal passivation of the excess sludge and the agricultural and forestry waste through the aerobiotic fermentation, anoxic fermentation and anaerobic fermentation of the excess sludge and the agricultural and forestry waste; the obtained product is thorough in degradation, good in air permeability, high in humus content, comprehensive and rich in nutrient and low in bacterium and virus content, and can serve as a farmland fertilizer or a soil conditioner. The device is simple in structure, stable and reliable in operation, high in production efficiency, and free of odor gas and secondary pollution.

The invention discloses a production method of a lotus root special fertilizer. The production method comprises the steps of organic fertilizer preparation, proportioning, pelleting and the like. As for the lotus root special fertilizer, according to the fertilizer requirement characteristic of lotus root growth, through compounding of an organic fertilizer and an inorganic fertilizer, the content proportion of nitrogen to phosphorus to potassium is reasonable, the lotus root special fertilizer contains organic matter and a medium quantity of or a trace of element fertilizers, nutrient elements needed by lotus root growth can be provided, meanwhile, the soil environment is improved, the content of the organic matter in soil is increased, the fertilizer utilization rate is increased, and accordingly the effect of increasing both production and income is achieved. After the lotus root special fertilizer is applied, the yield of lotus roots is increased by 20% or over, the production increasing effect is remarkable, and economic benefits are remarkable. In addition, the content of crude fibers of the lotus roots cultivated through the lotus root special fertilizer is low, the content of vitamin C and reducing sugar is high, and by applying the lotus root special fertilizer, a great effect of improving the quality of the lotus roots is achieved.

The invention discloses a method for promoting livestock and poultry manure compost maturity by microbial pretreatment. The method comprises the following steps: regulating the water content of crop straws to 60-80%, the pH value to 6-8 and a urea addition amount to 1-2%; then adding 1-5% by mass of a gloeophyllum trabeum liquid inoculant, and carrying out solid-state fermentation on the straws for 5 days; and uniformly mixing the pre-fermented straws and livestock and poultry manure according to the weight ratio of 1:3 to 1:6, and carrying out aerobic composting until the material is completely decomposed. Compared with conventional composting, the method provided by the invention can shorten the composting period by about 10 days, reduce a CO2 emission amount in the composting process by30-50%, and improve the humus content by 15-20%; the composting method can accelerate degradation and conversion of raw material organic matter, shorten the composting period, effectively reduce thecarbon loss, remarkably increase the humus content of a composting product, and improve the composting efficiency and the quality of the composting product; and the method has the advantages of simpleoperation, environmental friendliness and the like, and can be applied to composting enterprises for producing organic fertilizers by using different livestock and poultry manure and straw raw materials.

The invention discloses a production method of a special fertilizer for a banana. The production method comprises the following steps of the preparation of an organic fertilizer, proportioning, granulation and the like. The special fertilizer for the banana is reasonable in the content ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium according to the fertilizer requirement characteristic of the growth of the banana and through the compounding of the organic fertilizer and an inorganic fertilizer, further, contains an organic matter, and is a medium-trace-element fertilizer; nutrient elements needed by the growth of the banana can be provided; meanwhile, a soil environment is ameliorated; the content of a soil organic matter is improved, the utilization rate of a fertilizer is improved; thus, the effects of increasing a yield and increasing an income are achieved; by adopting the special fertilizer for the banana, which is provided by the invention, the yield of the banana is increased by 15 percent or above; the yield increasing effect is obvious; the economic benefit is obvious.

The invention discloses a production method of special fertilizer for sugarcane. The production method comprises steps of preparation of organic fertilizer, material blending, granulation and the like. According to the fertilizer requiring characteristics of sugarcane growth, by compounding organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilize, reasonably proportioning content of N, P and K and containing organic matter, secondary elements and trace elements, the special fertilizer for the sugarcane can provide nutrient elements required by sugarcane growth, improve soil environment and increase organic content of soil, the fertilizer utilization rate is increased, and both production and income are increased. Compared with conventional fertilizer application, after the special fertilizer for the sugarcane is applied to the sugarcane, the yield per mu is increased by 20% or higher, the sugar per mu is increased by 1% or higher, and the economic performance is improved obviously.