Recovery and processing technique for waste lead acid accumulator

Abstract

The invention discloses a process for recovering old and useless lead-acid storage batteries, comprising the steps of dismantling of a storage battery, processing of waste liquid, shell processing, smelting of coarse lead, deslagging of cast ingots, sedimentation of swirling flow, collecting and dust removal, dust removal of water film, etc. The invent adopts a marble acidproof and leakproof sewage pool for dealing with waste water, so the acid liquor can not permeate into and contaminate the earth; the smelting of coarse lead and deslagging of cast ingots are carried out by using a coal gas producer for gas combustion, with a plurality of coal gas nozzles providing enough fire to thoroughly smelt lead containing materials. The coal gas nozzles are arranged in the front of a reverberator the rear end of which is provided with an air exhaust opening to move the fire in the front constantly backward to thoroughly smelt lead containing materials at the back, thereby saving energy resource; a flue is formed in a S-shape, so the gas stays for a long time in the flue with a good sedimentation effect; as cloth-bag dust removal followed by the dust removal of water film is adopted, the dust is completely removed, so the discharged gas causes no pollution to the atmosphere. The invention has a perfect processing which leads to no secondary pollution to the environment.

Description

【Technical field】 [0001] The invention relates to the field of lead-acid batteries, in particular to a recycling process for waste lead-acid batteries. 【Background technique】 [0002] Lead-acid batteries are used in a wide variety of applications to power a wide variety of products. At present, electric bicycles that are vigorously promoted as smoke-free vehicles basically use lead-acid batteries to provide walking power. However, lead-acid batteries are prone to cause "secondary pollution" but the development of this new type of means of transportation has been criticized. [0003] Lead-acid batteries are composed of positive and negative plates, separators, shells, electrolytes and wiring pile heads, etc. The chemical reaction of the discharge depends on the positive plate active material (lead Lead) is carried out under the action of electrolyte (dilute sulfuric acid solution), wherein the grid of the pole plate is made of lead-antimony alloy for traditional batteries, ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

During the dismantling process of the battery, the acid liquid is easy to leak into the soil and cause pollution; the lead-containing substances are not burned sufficiently, and the lead recovery rate is low, generally only reaching about 80%, and the residual lead discharged into the atmosphere will still cause pollution. ; There is a lot of lead dust in the production workshop, which affects the physical and mental health of the operators; the waste gas and smoke discharge equipment is simple and easy to leak, causing pollution to the environment

The leaked waste water contains soot suspensions and heavy metal ions that naturally settle in the air, directly causing pollution to groundwater and drinking water for residents; the waste residue contains lead, arsenic, antimony and other minerals deposited in the soil, which are difficult to remove , and gradually gather in crops, through the food chain, causing harm to animals and humans

There is also a smelting technology that uses desulfurization first and then fire reduction in foreign countries, but the equipment investment of this technology is too large, requiring various equipment such as blast furnace, reverberatory furnace, electric furnace and converter, and the working process will also pollute the environment

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