Method for extracting Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide by ultrasonic wave-microwave combination

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for ultrasonic-microwave synergistic extraction of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide. The technology includes the main steps as follows: a fruiting body of a ganoderma lucidum is dried at 50 DEG C to 60 DEG C, crushed and screened by a sieve of 20 to 60 meshes; the screened ganoderma lucidum powder is added into water so as to lead the weight ratio between material and solvent to be 1:20 to 1:50; an ultrasonic-microwave synergistic extractor is used for extraction with ultrasonic wave 50W, microwave 10W to 400W and an extraction period of 10 min to 60 min; after extraction is completed, cooling, centrifugal separation and filtering are carried out in sequence to obtain a supernatant fluid contaning ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide; the supernatant fluid is condensed to 1 / 2 to 1 / 3 of the original volume, added with anhydrous ethanol till the content of ethanol reaching 70 percent to 85 percent in the solvent; the solvent stands till complete deposition at 4 DEG C, and then filtering and vacuum freeze-drying are carried out to obtain the ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide. The method adopts the advantages of microwave and ultrasonic wave, such as even vibration and uniform effect on each point in a sample medium, has more types of selectable extractants and larger scope of target extracts, reduces binding force between a target compound and the sample body, accelerates the process of changing into solvent phase from solid phase of the target compound and has a large amount of sample processing.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of edible mushroom processing, in particular to the technical field of ganoderma polysaccharide extraction. Background technique [0002] Since the reform and opening up, the processing of edible fungi in my country has developed rapidly. In 1979, the national output was 60,000 tons. After the reform and opening up, there was a boom in production and development. In 2006, the annual output of edible fungi in my country increased to 14 million tons, accounting for 70% of the world's total. It has become an important channel for farmers to increase their income. The global demand for edible mushrooms is still growing at a rate of 3%-5% every year. In 2003, Chinese edible mushrooms were exported to 119 countries, with an export volume of 433,200 tons. There were 12 countries and regions with an export volume of more than 10,000 tons. Japan, Hong Kong, South Korea, Germany, Canada, Malaysia, the United States, ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Although dimethyl sulfoxide is a good solvent for extracting polysaccharides, it is expensive, has a large loss of active ingredients, a complicated process, a large workload, many human factors, and is difficult to control, and the waste liquid generated during production is easy to pollute the environment. It causes pollution and is harmful to human health. It is not suitable for industrial production and application, and it does not conform to the trend of current industrial development. When extracting with dilute acid, the required time is short, and the temperature should not be higher than 5°C. Therefore, refrigeration should be considered in production. , which undoubtedly increases the cost; although using dilute alkali as the extraction solvent can improve the extraction rate of polysaccharides, dilute alkali has a great influence on the biological activity of polysaccharides