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Ni/Fe nanometer composite material as well as preparation method and application thereof

A composite material, metal nanotechnology, applied in catalyst activation/preparation, chemical instruments and methods, chemical/physical processes, etc., can solve the problems of changing the surface properties of palygorskite, low catalytic activity, environmental hazards, etc. cost, improved catalytic activity, improved efficiency

Inactive Publication Date: 2012-05-23
HEFEI UNIV OF TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

According to the research results reported in literature at home and abroad, in tar catalytic cracking and catalytic tar steam reforming, the catalytic activity of metal oxides is low, and treating palygorskite clay with acid for a long time will destroy the palygorskite crystal structure and change The surface properties of palygorskite. In addition, the pretreatment of clay in this preparation method consumes acid and produces acidic drainage. In the subsequent pH adjustment process, more alkali is consumed and high-salinity wastewater is discharged, which causes great harm to the environment.

Method used

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  • Ni/Fe nanometer composite material as well as preparation method and application thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0024] Select goethite ore, wherein the weight percentage of goethite ore is not less than 85%, crush and sieve the goethite ore, take 0.1-0.3mm particle size, add granular goethite into the container, Add iron ore particles into 50-100ml of nickel nitrate aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 5%, soak for 20 hours, then directly dry at 105°C, calcine at 500°C for 2 hours, reduce with hydrogen at 700°C until no condensed water is produced, and cool under a protective atmosphere to room temperature to obtain metallic iron and nickel nanocomposites. figure 1 Shown is the TEM image of the Fe / Ni nanocomposite prepared in this example, indicating that the catalytically active component Ni is uniformly loaded on the surface of metallic iron, and the particle size of metallic Ni is about 5-20 nm, forming the Fe / Ni nanocomposite.

[0025] The prepared composite catalyst was loaded into a gas-solid phase catalytic reactor, and the efficiency of catalytic cracking tar was evalua...

Embodiment 2

[0027] Select goethite ore, wherein the weight percentage of goethite ore is not less than 85%, crush the goethite ore into a powder that passes through a 320 mesh sieve, put the goethite powder in a container, Add 500-1000ml of 5% nickel nitrate aqueous solution to the mineral powder, add 5% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution under stirring until the pH value of the solution is greater than 8, wash with water 3 times to remove dissolved salts, dehydrate, granulate, and dry at 105°C 12h, hydrogen reduction at 700°C until no condensed water is produced, and cooled to room temperature under a protective atmosphere to obtain metallic iron and nickel nanocomposites.

[0028] The prepared composite catalyst was loaded into a gas-solid phase catalytic reactor, and the efficiency of catalytic cracking tar was evaluated with biomass gasifier tar as a simulated compound. The results showed that for a feed load of 500g tar per cubic meter, the catalytic cracking tar The efficiency reache...

Embodiment 3

[0030] Take 10 g of the 0.1-0.3 mm particle size Ni / Fe nanocomposite catalyst prepared according to Example 1, and put it into a fixed-bed gas-solid phase catalytic reactor with a diameter of 30 mm, wherein the height of the loaded catalyst bed is 20 mm. Rice husk pyrolysis tar is used as raw material, and the tar is fed into the evaporation tank at a constant speed by a peristaltic pump. 2 As the carrier gas, it carries gasification tar into the catalytic reactor, the carrier gas flow rate is 80mL / min, and the tar content is 5.6Kg / m 3 , airspeed is 450h -1 . The catalytic reactor is heated by electricity, and the temperature is controlled at 700°C. The residual tar from the catalytic reactor is adsorbed by an activated carbon adsorption column. The tar cracking efficiency was calculated according to the amount of tar injected and the amount of tar adsorbed by activated carbon. The experimental results show that the tar content in the intake air is as high as 5.6Kg / m 3 Und...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a Ni / Fe nanometer composite material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The Ni / Fe nanometer composite material is characterized in that metallic nickel granules with the grain diameter being less than 20 nm are loaded on the surface of needle-like metallic iron with the diameter of 50-100 nm. The composite material has nanometer structures, low activation energy and high catalytic activity, and can be applied to the catalytic cracking and purifying of thermal gas tar in a biomass gasifier and the catalytic cracking of various other organic matters.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of energy and chemical industry, and more specifically relates to a nanomaterial in which metallic iron formed by the reduction and transformation of goethite is used as a carrier, and nickel nano-metal particles are used as an active component, as well as a preparation method and catalytic cracking of biomass gasification gas Application in purification of tar. Background technique [0002] Biomass resources are a renewable and clean energy that can achieve CO 2 Zero emission, reducing greenhouse effect and environmental pollution. The development and utilization of biomass energy to replace mineral energy such as petroleum and coal is one of the important ways to solve energy and environmental problems. Biomass pyrolysis gasification technology has the advantages of high efficiency, strong adaptability of raw materials, simple equipment and low investment. Biomass pyrolysis gasification can produce valuable gas f...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): B01J23/755B01J23/745B01J35/02B01J37/08B01J37/18C10K1/34C10G11/02B01J35/00
Inventor 陈天虎刘海波张先龙陈斌何宏平
Owner HEFEI UNIV OF TECH
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