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Method for preparing lanthanum-enriched rare earth chloride from bastnaesite

A rare earth chloride and bastnasite technology, applied in the direction of improving process efficiency, can solve the problems of complex process and large consumption of reagents, and achieve the effects of shortening process, avoiding pollution and reducing burning temperature

Active Publication Date: 2010-12-15
CHINA MINMETALS BEIJING RES INST OF RE
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0008] There are many kinds of methods for the above bastnaesite decomposition, but there are only two methods for the separation of lanthanum and cerium: 1. The sulfuric acid system adopts double salt or extraction separation, the process is complicated and the reagent consumption is large

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0034] Mix 100g of bastnaesite (REO content 70%) and 7g of sodium hydroxide solid, roast at 450°C for 4 hours to obtain alkali-transformed ore, take it out, add water 500ml to wash to pH7, and slowly drop while stirring at room temperature Add 280ml of 8wt% hydrochloric acid, stir for 4 hours after adding hydrochloric acid, filter, the filtrate is lanthanum-rich feed solution, add barium chloride 1g, ammonium sulfate 0.5g, hydrogen peroxide 1g, sodium sulfide 0.5g to remove impurities, and obtain pure cerium-less rich Lanthanum chloride rare earth feed liquid, cerium distribution 11%, impurity meets Fe 2 o 3 / REO=450ppm, PbO / REO=300ppm, F - / REO=300ppm, radioactivity (α+β) in REO=1.8Bq / g. The filter cake is cerium-rich slag, which is washed three times with water until REO < 20g / L, and then dried and pulverized. In terms of weight ratio, the proportion of cerium is 60%, F ~ 8%, and the average particle size of the powder particles is D50 ~1 μm.

Embodiment 2

[0036] Mix 100g of bastnaesite (REO content 70%) and 70ml of 300g / L sodium hydroxide solution evenly, roast at 350°C for 2 hours to obtain alkali-transformed ore, take it out, add water 500ml to wash to pH7, and in the case of 40°C, Slowly add 80ml of 31wt% hydrochloric acid dropwise while stirring, stir for 1 hour after adding hydrochloric acid, filter, the filtrate is lanthanum-rich feed liquid, add barium chloride 1.4g, ammonium sulfate 0.6g, hydrogen peroxide 1.4g, sodium sulfide 0.6g to remove impurities , to obtain a pure cerium-less lanthanum-rich rare earth chloride feed solution, with a cerium distribution of 5%, and impurities satisfying Fe 2 o 3 / REO=350ppm, PbO / REO=100ppm, F - / REO=200ppm, radioactivity (α+β) in REO=1.1Bq / g. The filter cake is cerium-rich slag, which is washed three times until the washing water REO < 20g / L, and then dried and crushed. In terms of weight ratio, the cerium content is 90%, F ~ 2%, and the average particle size of the powder particl...

Embodiment 3

[0038] Mix 100g of bastnaesite (REO content 70%) and 70ml of 300g / L sodium hydroxide solution evenly, roast at 350°C for 2 hours to obtain alkali-transformed ore, take it out, add water 500ml to wash to pH7, and in the case of 40°C, Slowly add 85ml of 31wt% hydrochloric acid dropwise while stirring, stir for 1 hour after adding hydrochloric acid, filter, the filtrate is lanthanum-rich feed liquid, add barium chloride 0.7g, ammonium sulfate 0.4g, hydrogen peroxide 0.7g, sodium sulfide 0.4g to remove impurities , to obtain a pure cerium-less lanthanum-rich rare earth chloride feed solution, the cerium distribution is 6%, and the impurities meet the Fe 2 o 3 / REO=350ppm, PbO / REO=100ppm, F - / REO=200ppm, radioactivity (α+β) in REO=1.1Bq / g. The filter cake is cerium-rich slag, which is washed three times with water until REO<20g / L, and then dried and pulverized. The cerium distribution is 94%, F-0.6%, and the average particle size of the powder particles is D50-6μm.

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing lanthanum-enriched rare earth chloride by using bastnaesite as a raw material. The method comprises the following steps of: mixing the bastnaesite and sodium hydroxide and then roasting, carrying out sodium hydroxide alkali conversion on the bastnaesite to remove fluorine, washing the bastnaesite subjected to alkali conversion with water, and carrying out hydrochloric acid optimum solution to obtain lanthanum-enriched rare earth chloride liquid. In the alkali conversion process, the ratio of NaOH to REO (Rare Earth Oxide) in the bastnaesite is (0.10-0.40):1, the alkali conversion is carried out at 300-600 DEG C, and then the bastnaesite subjected to the alkali conversion is washed with water 3-8 times of the bastnaesite by weight proportion. In the optimum solution process, the weight ratio of 31% of industrial hydrochloric acid by weight to the REO in the bastnaesite is (1-1.5):1. In the alkali conversion process, the fluorine in the enriched lanthanum is preferentially subjected to the alkali conversion to obtain lanthanum-enriched hydroxide which is dissolved with acid, acid-soluble lanthanum-enriched rare earth is dissolved in a solution, and cerium is reserved in slag with large amount of fluorine, therefore, the purpose of separating the cerium and non-cerium can be achieved easily. In the whole process, the step of solid-liquid separation is reduced, the consumption of auxiliary materials is lowered, the yield per unit of equipment and the yield of rare earth are improved, and the production process has less pollution.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of rare earth hydrometallurgy, and in particular relates to a method for preparing lanthanum-rich rare earth chloride from bastnaesite. Background technique [0002] Bastnaesite is a cerium fluorocarbonate mineral, the color is yellow to light reddish brown, the main chemical composition is CeFCO 3 , Associated quartz, calcite, apatite and bauxite in the concentrate. Soluble in dilute HCl, HNO 3 、H 2 SO 4 、H 3 PO 4 and other strong mineral acids. It is an important mineral raw material for extracting cerium group rare earth elements. Bastnaesite is the rare earth mineral resource with the largest reserves and the largest amount of mining and use in the world. At present, about 70% of rare earth raw materials are produced from bastnaesite. my country is a big rare earth country with very rich bastnaesite mineral resources, such as Inner Mongolia Baiyun Obo Rare Earth Mine, Sichuan Mianning Rare Earth ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C22B3/12C22B3/10C22B59/00
CPCY02P10/20
Inventor 廖春生王嵩龄吴声
Owner CHINA MINMETALS BEIJING RES INST OF RE
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