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Method for accelerating removal of heavy metals in polluted soil

A technology that pollutes soil and heavy metals, applied in the field of resources and environment, can solve the problems of long time, slow removal of heavy metals, troublesome follow-up treatment, etc.

Inactive Publication Date: 2011-06-01
高旌
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Among them, phytoremediation is the focus and hotspot of current international and domestic research. The advantages of phytoremediation: easy planting, large enrichment, and removal of heavy metals in the soil; disadvantages of phytoremediation: long plant growth cycle (1 year for herbs, 3-3 years for woody plants). 5 years, seriously affecting agricultural production), follow-up treatment is troublesome (incineration is the main technology, but pollutes the air), and plants are not easy to rot, so that the existing phytoremediation technology actually only plays a role in enriching and concentrating heavy metal ions in soil. After the ions are absorbed and transported from the soil to the plants, although the soil is less, the heavy metal ions have not been completely removed from the environment, and they still exist in the plants in the environment. Whether it is incinerated or decayed, the heavy metals accumulated in the plants The ions will return to the environment or soil, and at most play the role of transporting pollution to other areas
This method has the disadvantages that the removal of heavy metals in the soil must wait until the mushrooms have completed the growth cycle, and the removal of heavy metals is slow and takes a long time.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0018] Plant Agaricus bisporus on the polluted soil to enrich cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) metal ions in the soil.

[0019] Agaricus bisporus cultivation process: preparation of compost (fecal grass compost / non-manure synthetic material)-composting fermentation (pre-wet compost-building pile-turning pile-post-fermentation)-seeding (2-3 times the general seeding rate ) Bacteria management - covering soil - fruiting - spraying auxin - crazy growth - (1-2 months) harvesting. Agaricus bisporus is a medium-low temperature mushroom, suitable for planting in spring. The crazy-growing Agaricus bisporus is planted for 1-2 months, and the average yield of fresh mushrooms per mu is more than 7600kg. Harvest the crazy-growing Agaricus bisporus, crush, homogenize, filter, and dilute each kg of fresh mushrooms into a 0.6L (liter) slurry. The content of various metal ions in the slurry is: Cd is 25.8mg / L, and Pb is 57.0mg / L, Cr is 12.6 mg / L, Cu is 56.8 mg...

Embodiment 2

[0023]Straw mushroom (Voluariella voZuacea) is planted on polluted soil to enrich lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) metal ions in the soil. Cultivate according to general conditions, make it grow wildly, and produce 9000kg of fresh mushrooms per mu. Straw mushrooms are harvested, crushed, homogenized, filtered, and diluted into 0.6L (liter) slurry per kg of fresh mushrooms. Straw mushroom cultivation technology: preparation of compost (rice-wheat straw-based substrate) - stockpiling fermentation - sowing seeds (2-3 times the general seeding rate) - covering soil - fruiting - spraying auxin to make it crazy - harvesting. Straw mushroom is a high-temperature-loving mushroom. The growing season is from June to September. It grows fast and has a short cycle. It takes about 2 weeks from sowing to fruiting. Other follow-up treatments are the same as in Example 1. In this way, 76-88% of the polluting heavy metals in the arable layer of the soil can be removed. It ca...

Embodiment 3

[0025] Coprinus comatus is planted on polluted soil to enrich lead (Pb), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) ions in the soil. It grows wildly for 1-2 months, and the yield of fresh mushrooms per mu is about 12000kg. Harvest Coprinus comatus, through crushing, homogenizing, filtering, every kg of fresh mushrooms is diluted into 0.6L slurry, the content of Pb metal ion in the slurry is 19.5mg / L, the content of Cu metal ion is 25mg / L, and the content of Zn metal ion is 39.3mg / L. Others are with embodiment 1. Using Coprinus comatus to remediate 1 mu of polluted soil can remove lead (Pb), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) ion pollution in 76-88% of the soil arable layer. It can be removed 2-3 times in a season, and the purpose of rapid and complete removal can be basically achieved.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for accelerating removal of heavy metals in polluted soil, belonging to the technical field of resource environment. The method comprises the steps of: a, planting mushrooms or herbaceous plants or mixed cropping of mushrooms and herbaceous plants, which have strong capability in enriching the heavy metals, on polluted soil to absorb and enrich heavy metal ions in the soil; b, carrying out close planting on the soil, which is 2-4 denser than the conventional planting; c, spraying auxin once respectively in early growth period and the growth period of the mushrooms or the herbaceous plants so as to enable the mushrooms or the herbaceous plants to grow excessively and accelerate the enrichment of the heavy metal ions in the soil; d, after the excessively grow materials are fully grown, harvesting, rotting or crushing, homogenating, and filtering to obtain mushroom slurry rich in heavy metal ions; and e, removing the heavy metal ions in the mushroom slurry by adopting a chemical electrophoresis method or a chelated precipitation method. The method provided by the invention has a short period, is easy to implement and can be used for accelerating the removal of the heavy metal ions in the soil fundamentally.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of resources and environment, and in particular relates to a method for removing heavy metals in soil polluted by heavy metals. Background technique [0002] Soil is the main material basis for human survival. With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, soil heavy metal pollution is becoming more and more serious, including cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As ), nickel (Ni), etc. are more common heavy metal pollution. On average, 3.4 million tons of Cu, 5 million tons of Pb, about 15,000 tons of Hg, 15 million tons of Mn, and 1 million tons of Ni are discharged every year in the world, which seriously pollutes the environment. In my country, about 25 million hectares of farmland soil is polluted by heavy metals, and 12 million tons of grains are polluted by heavy metals every year. There are also many vegetables and Chinese medicinal ma...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): B09C1/00B09C1/08B09C1/10
Inventor 高旌朱守一刘畅曹峥刘亚华俞年军栗进才
Owner 高旌