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Silicon-carbon composite anode material and preparing method thereof

A negative electrode material and silicon-carbon composite technology, applied in battery electrodes, electrical components, circuits, etc., can solve problems such as difficult charging and discharging, and the inability to fully utilize the maximum capacity of silicon materials

Active Publication Date: 2012-06-20
SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] However, the carbon-silicon composite materials currently obtained by these preparation methods have a dense carbon shell structure, which partially alleviates the stress problem caused by the volume change of silicon during the charging and discharging process, but it also makes it difficult to completely and quickly integrate with the silicon in the electrolyte. The silicon active material reacts, so the maximum capacity of the silicon material is often not fully utilized, and it is difficult to charge and discharge quickly

Method used

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  • Silicon-carbon composite anode material and preparing method thereof
  • Silicon-carbon composite anode material and preparing method thereof
  • Silicon-carbon composite anode material and preparing method thereof

Examples

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Embodiment 1

[0030] This embodiment is an embodiment of a silicon-carbon composite negative electrode material.

[0031] The silicon-carbon composite negative electrode material provided in this embodiment is realized through the following steps:

[0032] The first step is to select a biomass material, wash and dry it, then heat-treat it under vacuum or inert atmosphere conditions, and use chemical activation to expand pores to prepare porous carbon. Specifically, wash and dry the leaves of Zizania ziba 2 Down 650 o After C heat treatment, according to K 2 CO 3 : Zizania leaves after heat treatment = 1:0.1 weight ratio to prepare an aqueous solution and soak for 5 hours, filter and dry, at 1000 o Activation by heat treatment at C for 1 hour, removing excess active agent with 9% dilute hydrochloric acid, washing with water to obtain porous carbon, pulverizing and sieving to a size of 10 microns as a support matrix;

[0033] In the second step, the silicon powder and the porous carbon o...

Embodiment 2

[0037]This example is a modification example of the preparation method of the silicon-carbon composite negative electrode material in Example 1. The difference is that in the first step, the biomass material is hydrolyzed to prepare small molecule organic matter, and then it is combined with the Silicon compound.

[0038] The silicon-carbon composite negative electrode material that embodiment 2 provides is realized through the following steps:

[0039] The first step is to select biomass materials, wash and dry them, and then hydrolyze them at a certain temperature to obtain small molecular organic matter, which is the precursor of the porous carbon support matrix. Specifically, wash and dry 5g of Zizania japonica leaves, crush them into 5mm particles, add them into 5wt% dilute nitric acid solution, put them in a water bath at 60°C under stirring until the hydrolysis is complete, and evaporate the solution to obtain a small molecular organic compound. The small molecular orga...

Embodiment 3

[0044] This example is a modification example of the preparation method of the silicon-carbon composite negative electrode material in Example 1, the difference is that wood powder is selected as the biomass material.

[0045] The silicon-carbon composite negative electrode material that embodiment 3 provides is realized through the following steps:

[0046] The first step is to select a biomass material, wash and dry it, heat-treat it under vacuum or an inert atmosphere, and use chemical activation to expand the pores of the biomass material to prepare porous carbon. Specifically, the wood powder is washed and dried, and the wood powder is washed and dried in N 2 Down 650 o After C heat treatment, configure the aqueous solution according to the weight ratio of KOH: wood flour after heat treatment = 1:5 and soak for 5 hours, filter and dry, at 300 o Activation by heat treatment for 12 hours at C, remove excess active agent with 9% dilute hydrochloric acid, and obtain porous ...

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Abstract

The invention provides a silicon-carbon composite anode material, which comprises a nuclear shell structure and a support substrate, wherein particle size of the silicon-carbon composite anode material is 1-200 micrometers, and porous carbon serving as the support substrate is obtained through decomposition of biomass materials. The invention further provides a preparing method of the silicon-carbon composite anode material, which includes the following steps: 1 reaming the biomass materials in physical activation or chemical activation mode to prepare the porous carbon, or preparing small molecular organics serving as a precursor of the porous carbon in hydrolyzing mode; 2 mixing silica particles and the obtained porous carbon or the precursor of the porous carbon in solution and performing ultrasonic treatment; 3 evaporating the solution mixture to dry so as to obtain solid-state powder; and 4 drying the solid-state powder, and performing thermal treatment, crushing and sieving on the solid-state powder to obtain the silicon-carbon composite anode material. The silicon-carbon composite anode material and the preparing method thereof are simple in process, short in flow path, easy to operate and low in cost, and lithium ion batteries manufactured by the silicon-carbon composite anode material are suitable for various mobile electronic equipment or devices driven by mobile energy.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a silicon-carbon composite negative electrode material and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Due to the advantages of large specific energy, high working voltage, high safety, and low environmental pollution, lithium-ion batteries have broad application prospects in various portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, and new energy storage. However, with the increasing demand for high-energy power sources, there is an urgent need for lithium-ion batteries with high energy density, fast and high-power charging and discharging. In recent years, a lot of research has been carried out on how to develop lithium-ion batteries with high energy density, fast and high-power charge and discharge. Generally speaking, the total specific capacity of a lithium-ion battery is determined by the components that make up the battery, and the negative electrode mat...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/38H01M4/134H01M4/133
CPCY02E60/122Y02E60/10
Inventor 刘庆雷张荻
Owner SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIV
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