Core-shell nano-composite material and its preparation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a core-shell nano-composite material and its preparation method. The composite material is formed by compounding ammonium perchlorate (AP) and a nano-metal oxide which accounts for 0.1-10% by mass. The preparation comprises: (1) dissolving a metal salt in ethyl acetate, and conducting ultrasonic oscillation to make it fully dissolved so as to obtain a metal salt solution, in which the molar concentration of the metal salt is 0.0004-0.04mol / L; (2) adding ammonium perchlorate into the metal salt solution in an undissolved state, and carrying out stirring at room temperature so as to make the ammonium perchlorate dispersed uniformly; (3) using an alkaline solution with an OH<-> ion concentration of 0.1-1mol / L for titration at a constant speed so as to make the metal ions in the metal salt converted to a precipitate completely; and (4) filtering the obtained precipitate and conducting washing, and drying the obtained powder, thus obtaining the core-shell nano-composite material. The metal salt can be ZnCl2, FeCl3, Co(NO3)2.6H2O or CuCl2. In the invention, the dispersion problem of a nano-oxide catalyst in AP is solved; an oxide catalyst is generated on AP in situ, and the oxide content is adjustable; the nano-composite material of the invention has self-catalysis property, and the catalysis effect is substantial.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of nanocomposite materials, in particular to a core-shell nanocomposite material of ammonium perchlorate (AP) / metal oxide. Background technique [0002] AP is an important energetic material. Only by improving the thermal decomposition effect of AP and promoting the thermal decomposition of AP can it fully release energy. Among the many methods to improve the thermal decomposition effect of AP, the thermal decomposition performance can be improved to a certain extent by reducing the particle size of AP, but because the AP crystal itself has a certain hygroscopicity, the ultrafine powder has a large specific surface area, showing Strong volume effect and surface effect, easy to agglomerate, so this method has limited effect on promoting the thermal decomposition of AP, and the ultrafine process of AP as an energetic material is a relatively dangerous process. The addition of combustion catalysts to catalyze the therma...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Among them, the compound uniformity of the mechanochemical method is limited, and there are certain potential safety hazards, while the surfactant method has relatively high requirements on the process and the type of active agent.

The existence of these problems not only affects the actual use effect of nano-catalysts but also increases the cost of using nano-catalysts.

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