Process for preparing high-purity molecular distillation monoacylglycerol

The invention relates to a process for synthesizing high-purity molecular distillation monoacylglycerol. The process comprises the following steps of: (1) mixing glycerol and a catalyst A, vacuumizing, stirring for heating, adding hydrogenated oil added with a catalyst B into a reaction system in batches to perform ester exchange reaction, after the ester exchange reaction is finished, keeping temperature, adding phosphoric acid for neutralizing, cooling and standing a reactant for demixing, wherein an upper layer is a crude glyceride layer, a lower layer is materials which are not reacted completely and impurities generated in the reaction process; (2) dehydrating and degassing the crude glyceride layer by primary distillation; (3) performing secondary distillation on the product, and removing free fatty acid and excessive glycerol; and (4) performing third-level distillation on the product to obtain a distillment and a distillation remnant, wherein the distillment is the high-purity molecular distillation monoacylglycerol, and the distillation remnant is diglyceride and triglyceride. By the process, the content of total monoester in crude ester can be improved obviously, the abrasion of equipment in subsequent molecular distillation process is reduced, the energy consumption of distillation is reduced, and the economic benefit is improved obviously.