A kind of method that uses fly ash to prepare aluminum-magnesium alloy

An aluminum-magnesium alloy and fly ash technology, applied in the field of non-ferrous metallurgy, can solve the problems of no industrial application, easy generation of dendrites, low electrolysis temperature, etc., to solve the problem of dendrites generated by electrolysis, easy equipment, and low electrolysis temperature. Effect

Active Publication Date: 2016-08-31
李景江
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  • Description
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Problems solved by technology

The main features of these two methods are that the electrolysis temperature is low, and the aluminum chloride vapor is easy to control, but the metal is in the state of crystal particles, which is difficult to collect. In addition, the easy formation of dendrites is the biggest defect of this method.
[0006] In the early research on aluminum chloride electrolysis, most of the sources of aluminum chloride were obtained through the chlorination of alumina. The production cost was relatively high, coupled with some difficulties in engineering, it has not been applied industrially.

Method used

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  • A kind of method that uses fly ash to prepare aluminum-magnesium alloy

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Embodiment 1

[0026] (1) Fly ash acid leaching to produce aluminum chloride: grind the fly ash to 100-200 μm, mix it with sulfuric acid according to the mass ratio of 1: 4.5 for leaching reaction, filter, react at 280°C for 3 hours, add to the filter residue Water with 3 times the mass is boiled at 65°C for 60 minutes to dissolve the reactant, filter to remove the residue, and obtain an aluminum sulfate solution. Evaporate and crystallize the aluminum sulfate solution, mix it with hydrochloric acid with a mass concentration of 38%, and then inject HCl gas , to precipitate AlCl 3 ·6H 2 O crystals, dried and dehydrated at 110°C to produce anhydrous AlCl 3 ;

[0027] (2) Electrolysis of aluminum chloride to produce aluminum-magnesium alloy: graphite is used as a bipolar electrode with a pole distance of 1 cm. The electrolyte system used is composed of flux, melt and additives. The composition of the flux is: NaCl: 23.7 %, KCl: 33.5%, MgCl 2 : 42.8%, then add molten AlCl that accounts for 5...

Embodiment 2

[0029] (1) Fly ash acid leaching to produce aluminum chloride: Grind fly ash to 100-200 μm, mix with sulfuric acid at a mass ratio of 1:10, filter, react at 300°C for 2.8 hours, pour into the filter residue Add 4 times the mass of water, boil and dissolve at 75°C for 50 minutes, dissolve the reactant, filter to remove the residue, and obtain an aluminum sulfate solution, concentrate the aluminum sulfate solution to a density of 1.4g / mL, and mix with 25% hydrochloric acid Mix, then pass HCl gas, precipitate AlCl 3 ·6H 2 O crystals, dried and dehydrated at 120°C to produce anhydrous AlCl 3 ;

[0030] (2) Electrolysis of aluminum chloride to produce aluminum-magnesium alloy: silicon carbide is used as a bipolar electrode with a pole distance of 1.5cm. The electrolyte system used is composed of flux, melt and additives. The flux is: NaCl: 39.6% by mass %, KCl: 26.5%, MgCl 2 :33.9%, then add molten AlCl that accounts for 10% of flux mass 3 , the additive KF accounting for 5% o...

Embodiment 3

[0032] (1) Fly ash acid leaching to produce aluminum chloride: Grind fly ash to 100-200 μm, mix with sulfuric acid at a mass ratio of 1:6 for leaching reaction, filter, react at 350°C for 2.5h, pour into filter residue Add 5 times the mass of water, boil and dissolve at 80°C for 45 minutes, dissolve the reactant, filter to remove the residue, and obtain an aluminum sulfate solution, concentrate the aluminum sulfate solution to a density of 1.4g / mL, and mix with hydrochloric acid with a mass concentration of 18% Mix, then pass HCl gas, precipitate AlCl 3 ·6H 2 O crystals, dried and dehydrated at 130°C to produce anhydrous AlCl 3 ;

[0033] (2) Electrolysis of aluminum chloride to produce aluminum-magnesium alloy: graphite is used as a bipolar electrode with a pole distance of 2.5 cm. The electrolyte system used is composed of flux, melt and additives. The composition of the flux is: KCl: 67.0%, MgCl 2 : 33.0%, then add molten AlCl that accounts for 20% of the flux mass 3 ,...

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of nonferrous metallurgy and relates to a method for preparing aluminum-magnesium alloys with fly ash. The technical solution of the present invention is to first adopt fly ash acid leaching to produce aluminum chloride, and then the electrolyte system used is composed of flux, melt and additives, wherein the composition of the flux is: NaCl: 0-60%, KCl : 25-75%, MgCl2: 0-66%, then add the melt AlCl3 that accounts for 5-50% of the flux quality, the additive LiCl, 0-5% additive KF, 0-5% additive that account for 0-5% of the flux quality MgF2 or 0-5% additive AlF3, in which molten AlCl3 is added from the bottom of the electrolytic cell, the inter-electrode voltage is controlled at 2.3-3.3V, the cathode current density is 0.5-1.5A / cm2, the electrolysis temperature is 450-500°C, during the electrolysis process Chlorine gas is generated on the anode side, which is recycled and reused, and solidified aluminum-magnesium alloy is deposited on the cathode side. The method of the invention has low power consumption, low electrolysis temperature, and low production cost, solves the problems of aluminum chloride evaporation and dendrite generation by electrolysis, has no environmental pollution, and is easy to implement.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of nonferrous metallurgy and relates to a method for preparing aluminum-magnesium alloys with fly ash. Background technique [0002] The traditional metal aluminum production method is the Hall-Heroult (Hall-Heroult) method. In 1886, American Hall and Frenchman Herout simultaneously invented the cryolite-alumina molten salt electrolysis method to produce aluminum, that is, using carbon Plain material is used as electrode material, cryolite is used as solvent, alumina is used as solute, and the method for producing aluminum by molten salt electrolysis at a temperature of 950-1000°C. The source of alumina so far is mainly obtained by alkali leaching, that is, using alkali (industrial caustic soda NaOH or soda ash Na 2 CO 3 ) to process bauxite so that the alumina in the ore becomes soluble sodium aluminate. The purified sodium aluminate solution is analyzed to separate out aluminum hydroxide, and after separation, wa...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C25C3/06C25C3/36
CPCC25C3/06C25C3/36
Inventor 李瑞冰李鑫吴楠李景江
Owner 李景江
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