Composite converting type isotope battery

An isotope battery and battery technology, applied in the field of micro-energy, can solve the problems of reducing the effective utilization rate of rays, reducing conversion performance, failure, etc., and achieving the effects of high battery stability and reliability, large output power density, and wide selection range.

Active Publication Date: 2015-03-11
INST OF NUCLEAR PHYSICS & CHEM CHINA ACADEMY OF
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Relying on the method of increasing the loading of radioactive sources will reduce the effective utilization of radiation due to the increase of self-absorption of low-energy radioactive sources, and increase a saturation value; using medium and high-energy β-rays as the loading source cannot directly act on the energy conversion device of the radiant battery , the reason is that when the ray energy is greater than a threshold (such as for single crystal silicon, the threshold is 200keV), the ray will cause radiation damage to the semiconductor of the isotope cell transducer device, resulting in a sharp decline in its conversion performance or even failure in a short period of time

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0022] figure 1 Among them, the transducer device 1 is a monocrystalline silicon PN junction diode prepared by thermal diffusion, the thickness of the base layer is 250 μm, the junction depth is 0.5 μm, and the doping concentration of the base layer is 3×10 15 cm -3 ; The radioluminescence material 2 is a silicate transparent ceramic sheet doped with 4% europium, and the thickness is 5 mm; the loading radiation source 3 is electroplating 147 Pm radiation source; both the battery upper electrode 4 and the battery lower electrode 5 are Ti / Ni / Au with a thickness of 1 micron.

[0023] The working process of the composite isotope battery is: 147 When the Pm radiation source β-ray passes through the radioluminescent material 2 europium-doped silicate transparent ceramic sheet, the low-energy part of the energy spectrum deposits all its energy in the radioluminescent material, and in the process passes through the excitation radiation The luminescent material produces fluorescenc...

Embodiment 2

[0025] figure 2 Among them, the transducer device 1 is an epitaxial silicon-based PN junction diode prepared by thermal diffusion, the thickness of the epitaxial layer is 40 μm, the junction depth is 0.5 μm, and the doping concentration of the epitaxial layer is 1×10 16 cm -3 The radioluminescent material 2 is a silicate transparent ceramic sheet doped with 4% europium, and the thickness is 10mm; the loaded radioactive source 3 is prepared by chemical deposition 90 Sr- 90 Y ceramic radiation source; the upper electrode 4 of the battery and the lower electrode 5 of the battery are both Ti / Ni / Au with a thickness of 1 micron.

[0026] The working process of this complex isotope cell is: similar to example 1, 90 Sr- 90 When the gamma radiation source β-ray passes through the radioluminescent material 2 europium-doped silicate transparent ceramic sheet, part of the energy in the ray is deposited in the radioluminescent material to generate light energy; part of the energy of t...

Embodiment 3

[0029] image 3 Among them, the transducer device 1 is an epitaxial silicon-based PN junction diode prepared by thermal diffusion, the thickness of the epitaxial layer is 40 μm, the junction depth is 0.5 μm, and the doping concentration of the epitaxial layer is 1×10 16 cm -3 ; The radioluminescent material 2 is a plastic scintillator with a wall thickness of 20 mm; the loaded radioactive source 3 is prepared by powder metallurgy 90 Sr- 90 The Y ceramic source is a cube with a size of 10mm×10mm×10mm; the upper electrode 4 of the battery and the lower electrode 5 of the battery are both Ti / Ni / Au with a thickness of 1 micron.

[0030]The working process of this complex isotope battery is the same as that of Example 2, and the radioactive source 3 is loaded 90 Sr- 90 The Y ceramic radiation source is three-dimensionally packaged around the plastic scintillator, and PN junction transducers are placed on the 6 sides of the plastic scintillator cube to fully utilize the 4π emiss...

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Abstract

The invention provides a composite converting type isotope battery. The composite converting type isotope battery comprises a PN junction or a PIN junction or a schottky junction type energy converter, a radio luminescence material, a loading radioactive source, an upper electrode and a lower electrode; the loading radioactive source, the radio luminescence material and the energy converter are overlapped from top to bottom in a sandwich way; and the upper electrode and the lower electrode are respectively positioned at two poles of the energy converter. The composite converting type isotope battery has the advantages that a plurality of general radio-voltaic isotope battery converters are used for loading medium and high energy rays isotope as a battery loading source, and thus high output power density can be obtained while the general converter is avoided damage caused by high energy ray radiation.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a miniature isotope battery, in particular to a composite conversion isotope battery, which belongs to the field of micro energy sources. Background technique [0002] The isotope battery is an energy supply device that converts the decay energy of radioactive isotopes into electrical energy through the energy conversion unit. Due to the advantages of compact structure, small size, long life, high reliability and maintenance-free, isotope batteries are expected to be used in implanted microsystems, wireless sensor node network backup power, artificial cardiac pacemakers and portable and deep-sea deep-sea batteries. Empty and inconvenient long-term power supply equipment need to be replaced. At present, there are more than 10 isotopes with conversion mechanisms, among which thermal temperature difference (RTG) batteries have been used in aerospace and cardiac pacemakers, but it is difficult to miniaturize RTG, and its conversio...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): G21H1/12
CPCG21H1/12
Inventor 刘业兵杨玉青罗顺忠胡睿徐建熊小玲王关全雷轶松李昊钟正坤魏洪源
Owner INST OF NUCLEAR PHYSICS & CHEM CHINA ACADEMY OF
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