Method for producing furfural from biomass

Abstract

The invention provides a method for producing furfural from biomass serving as a raw material. The method comprises the steps: hydrolyzing the biomass and water, so as to obtain a mixed solution of pentose, acetic acid and formic acid; introducing the mixed solution and an extractant into a static mixer for reaction, enabling a reaction effluent to be subjected to cooling, standing and layering, so as to obtain a water phase and an extracted phase, and enabling the extracted phase to enter an extractant regeneration tower for separation, so as to obtain a mixture, containing a trace volume of water, of furfural, acetic acid and formic acid from the tower top and obtain a regenerated extractant from the tower bottom; enabling the tower top product to enter a furfural refining tower for separation, so as to obtain acetic acid and formic acid, containing a trace volume of water, from the tower top and obtain furfural from a tower reactor; enabling the tower top product to enter an azeotropic rectifying tower, so as to extract the water phase from the tower top and obtain acetic acid and formic acid from a tower reactor; enabling the tower reactor product to enter a finishing column for separation, thereby obtaining formic acid and acetic acid. According to the method provided by the invention, the static mixer is adopted as a reaction vessel, and furfural is enabled to instantly achieve a balance in two phases, namely the extractant and the water, so that the yield of furfural is increased; the process flow is simple, meanwhile, furfural, acetic acid and formic acid are recovered, and no waste liquid is discharged, so that the method is an environment-friendly process.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for producing furfural from pentose sugars, in particular to a method for producing furfural by using a static mixer as a reactor and by-producting acetic acid and formic acid. Background technique [0002] Furfural, also known as furfural. Due to the existence of functional groups such as aldehyde groups, dienes, and cyclic ethers in the molecular structure of furfural, it has the properties of aldehydes, ethers, dienes, and aromatic compounds, and can participate in many different types of reactions and synthesize a variety of chemical products. It is used in food, medicine, synthetic resin, casting and many other production fields. [0003] Currently, furfural is produced from plant fibers rich in pentosan, such as corn cobs, bagasse, corn stalks, and rice husks. The principle is that pentosan is firstly hydrolyzed into pentose, and then the pentose is dehydrated and cyclized to furfural. [0004] According to wh...

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Problems solved by technology

In the above-mentioned patents, the extractant and the pentose sugar solution are contacted and reacted countercurrently in the packed extraction tower, but the mixing effect of the packed tower is poor, and the serious side reactions lead to a low yield of furfural, with a maximum of only 70%; the condensation products generated by the side reactions are also It will accumulate on the surface of the filler and cause the filler to block, making the production process impossible to carry out for a long time; in addition, the above-mentioned inventive method cannot reclaim the acetic acid and formic acid of the pentose solution at the same time, and if the reacted aqueous solution is directly discharged, it will not only cause serious environmental pollution, but also waste of precious resources

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