Polyamide-based intumescent flame retardant carbon-forming agent containing piperazine structure in main chain and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a polyamide intumescent flame-retardant char-forming agent having a main chain containing a piperazine structure; the char-forming agent has the structure general formula defined in the specification, wherein R1 is any one of H, straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl with the number of carbon atoms of 1-4, phenyl, benzyl or phenol, R2 represents straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl with the number of carbon atoms of 1-8, and n is more than or equal to 1. The invention also relates to a preparation method of the intumescent flame-retardant char-forming agent, an application of the intumescent flame-retardant char-forming agent as a carbon source of a novel intumescent flame-retardant system, and an application of the novel intumescent flame-retardant system in halogen-free flame retardancy of polyolefin, polyurethane, polylactic acid, polyamide, ethylene-propylene-diene monomer, silicone rubber and epoxy resin. The prepared intumescent flame-retardant char-forming agent has the advantages of no halogen, low smoke, low toxicity, good thermal stability, high char-forming efficiency, strong water resistance, relatively little influence on mechanical properties of flame-retardant polymers, and simple synthesis process, can be prepared by a one-step method, and is prone to industrialized production.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of an intumescent flame-retardant char-forming agent and its preparation method and application, and in particular relates to a polyamide-based intumescent flame-retardant char-forming agent whose main chain contains a piperazine structure and a preparation method and application thereof. Background technique [0002] With the development of science and technology and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, polymer materials have been more and more widely used in aerospace, electronic appliances, automobiles, building materials, flame-retardant protective clothing and military uniforms, home decoration, packaging films and other fields. Its safety performance, especially its flame retardant performance, puts forward higher requirements. In order to solve the flammability problems of traditional polymer materials such as polyolefin, polyurethane, polyamide, polylactic acid, etc., the existing...

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Problems solved by technology

Existing studies have shown that small-molecule char-forming agents, such as pentaerythritol and its derivatives, not only have low char-forming efficiency, but also have disadvantages such as poor water resistance, easy moisture absorption, and easy migration, which are difficult to be widely used in practical applications (Polymer Degradation and Stability 97,1737-1744,2012 and Industrial&Engineering Chemistry Research,52,10905-10915,2013); while the traditional polyamide macromolecular charring agents represented by nylon 6, nylon 66 and nylon 1010 solve the problem of small Molecular char formers have disadvantages such as poor water resistance and easy migration, but due to the low nitrogen content in their structure, they do not contain heterocyclic or aromatized structures, and it is difficult to form a large number of stable carbon dioxide through rearrangement and cyclization during combustion. structure, so the charring effect is not ideal, and it is necessary to add a high content to make the flame-retardant polymer material reach the UL 94V-0 level, especially for polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, etc. For polyolefin materials that are difficult to flame-retardant, usually the total amount of flame retardant added needs to be more than 35wt%, so that in practical applications, the mechanical properties, dielectric properties, and processing properties of the material will be greatly deteriorated, which will not only increase the balance of various Difficulty of performance index, but also increase cost, such as patent CN104098836-A and literature ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 3,3754–3761,2011 and Polymer Engineering and Science, 55,6,1355-1360,2015, etc. Charcoal was reported

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