Single-layer mica sheet and preparation method and application of nanopore electronic device thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a single-layer mica sheet and a preparation method and application of a nanopore electronic device thereof. The method comprises the steps that an ultrathin single mica layer is prepared and coats a proper supporting substrate, and a high-energy focusing electronic beam or an ion beam is used for preparing nanopores of the specification being 1-5 nm in the single-layer mica sheet to obtain a solid-state nanopore electronic device based on the single-layer mica sheet. Single-stranded nucleic acid or protein molecules are driven by an electric field to penetrate through the nanopores in the electronic device, and a basic group on the single-stranded nucleic acid penetrating through the pores or amino acid on the single-stranded protein is recognized by detecting changes of via-pore current in real time. A high throughput parallel molecular device can be prepared from the electronic device, and rapid and ultralow cost nucleic acid / protein sequencing can be achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a preparation method of a single-layer nano-mica sheet and a mica sheet nanopore, and prepares a biosensor, which can be used in the fields of sequencing of biological macromolecules such as single-molecule nucleic acid / protein, protein domain, protein modification, and protein interaction. . The invention belongs to the third generation sequencing device. Background technique [0002] Nucleic acid sequencing technology is one of the important milestones in the development of modern life sciences. With the emergence of low-cost, high-throughput nucleic acid sequencing technology, it will become possible to thoroughly decipher the genetic code of life, and the popularization of genetic information big data will benefit the survival and health of every ordinary member of human society. [0003] The second-generation high-throughput sequencing technology currently widely used, through parallel amplification of the tested nucleic...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] The second-generation high-throughput sequencing technology currently widely used, through parallel amplification of the tested nucleic acid, constructs a sequencing library, clones millions of solid-phase single-stranded nucleic acid template fragments, and performs high-throughput parallel sequencing. There are some problems: the preparation of sequencing libraries requires a large number of molecular biology operations, long preparation time and high cost; base-by-base reading is performed on nucleic acid sequencing templates through nucleic acid biosynthesis reactions, and only one base can be read in one biochemical reaction and the read length is long. shorter

The earliest methods of stripping mica are sharp tool cutting method and tape sticking and tearing method. These methods can only strip large particles of mica, and the efficiency is very low, and the mica sheet is thick

The media grinding method is also one of the methods for stripping mica, but this method cannot completely destroy the strong force between the mica layers, so the thickness of the prepared mica sheet is often greater than 1 micron, which does not belong to the category of nanomaterials

Chinese patent application publication CN104445235A (disclosure date 2015.03.25) discloses a preparation method of two-dimensional nano muscovite, and Chinese patent application publication CN104743562A (disclosure date 2015.07.01) discloses a preparation of sericite nano-chips The method is to use more active ions such as sodium and lithium to replace the potassium ions between mica layers. The thickness of mica microplates can reach about 10nm, but the preparation of single-layer mica cannot be realized.

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