Polypropylene film split fiber, preparation method and air filter material prepared therefrom

Abstract

The invention discloses polypropylene film splitting fibers and a preparation method thereof. The polypropylene film splitting fibers are mainly prepared from raw materials including PP (Polypropylene) granular materials, POE (Polyolefin Elastomer) granular materials, a compatibilizer, modified nano powder, an antioxidant, a light stabilizer and the like. The polypropylene film splitting fibers are prepared through processes: grafting the modified nano powder on the surface of a hyperbranched polymer; then, sequentially preparing a thin film master batch and a modified thin film material; then, coextruding double layers or three layers of thin film materials to form a composite thin film; carrying out multi-roller stretching, heating by an infrared drying oven, mechanically splitting films and splitting fibers, carrying out heat setting and the like; the prepared film splitting fibers have higher fibrillation degree, breaking strength and initial modulus and have a large-pore-diameter and multi-channel fluffy structure. The polypropylene film splitting fibers disclosed by the invention can be used as a matrix material for preparing an air filtering material and the high efficiency and low resistance effects can be realized.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of thermoplastic polyolefin fibers, in particular to a high-strength, high-fibrillation degree thermoplastic polypropylene film fiber capable of electrostatic electret treatment and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] The manufacturing process of fiber nonwoven materials is divided into 6 processes of fiber preparation, web forming, bonding, heat setting, finishing and packaging. The production process includes dry method, wet method, spinning method, acupuncture method, stitching method , spunbond method, melt blown method, film splitting method and electrospinning method, etc. Among them, the non-woven materials produced by the dry process are prone to electrostatic charge accumulation and are not resistant to alkali; the wet process consumes a lot of water and the possibility of variety change is small; the non-woven materials produced by the spinning process cannot be degraded and are easy ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] Since the polypropylene material is a highly crystalline material, the film prepared with it has poor toughness, low elongation at break, and significant tensile fracture phenomenon. It is easy to produce wool and broken filaments during fiber opening, and it is difficult to open fibers continuously. Thinner films and microfibers are produced, so they need to be modified to toughen and promote their fibrillation

Commonly used toughening modification methods such as adding inorganic powder, polyethylene or other polymer elastomers, these toughening modification methods are difficult to improve the fiber strength, toughness and processing conditions while improving the fibril properties of polypropylene fibers. The prepared membrane split fiber web has a dense structure, and as an air filter material, the airflow resistance is large, and the effect of high efficiency and low resistance cannot be achieved.

The film-split fiber prepared by the traditional film-split method has poor uniformity and stability of the fiber product fineness, and the degree of fibrillation is low. At the same time, the fibrillation process is prone to fluff, breakage, and winding rolls.

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