Low-energy-consumption electric-heating ice prevention/removal system for surface of warship in extreme environments

Abstract

The invention provides a low-energy-consumption electric-heating ice prevention / removal system for the surface of a warship in extreme environments. The system comprises a ship hull substrate, an electric insulation, a heat-insulating material, a low-energy-consumption rapid-heating electric heating layer and a micro-nano anti-icing coating. According to the system, on one hand, the disadvantage of the traditional micro-nano coatings that the bonding force between ice and a base body will increase due to surface icing is thoroughly solved; on the other hand, the low-energy-consumption rapid-heating electric heating layer has energy consumption of lower than 2.0W / cm<2> in 30 seconds at a low voltage of 40V or less in low-temperature working environments (-40 DEG C to 0 DEG C), thus, the micro-nano anti-icing coating is heated to a liquid droplet ice-nucleus forming temperature and has the stability of low-temperature electric heating materials, the low-energy-consumption rapid-heating electric heating layer and the micro-nano anti-icing coating are in synergism, the viscous force of water droplets to the surface of the warship is reduced, the degree of icing of the surface of the warship is effectively reduced, and thus, the aim of efficient and low-energy-consumption ice prevention / removal of the surface of the warship is achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a deicing system, in particular to a low energy consumption electric heating anti-icing / deicing system for the surface of a ship in an extreme environment. Background technique [0002] The decks of surface ships sailing in low-latitude cold regions are easy to freeze after waves, and eventually form ice on the surface of the ship, which will bring great harm to the safety of the ship and completely lose the combat effectiveness of the ship. In 2015, the Korean Navy DDH981 "Cuiying" guided missile destroyer visited the port of Vladivostok, Russia. Due to the low temperature, the hull of the ship was severely icy. At present, countries are paying more and more attention to the development of the Arctic region, and the opening of polar routes has become possible. However, ships and ships sailing in cold regions will have serious ice-covered phenomena, and severe ice-covered even changes the ship's , The center of gravity of the ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Thermal anti-icing / deicing systems include gas thermal anti-icing and electric thermal anti-icing / deicing. Gas thermal anti-icing / deicing generally takes the heat from the jet engine as the heat source, which is input to the heater on the skin surface through the control valve. , to heat the surface to achieve deicing, this technology works reliably, but the heat utilization rate is low, and the layout of the pipeline is relatively complicated

Electric heating anti-icing / deicing is to use electric energy to convert heat energy to prevent icing or deicing. This deicing method wastes a lot of energy

The above-mentioned deicing systems are mostly designed for deicing the surface of aircraft, but they are not completely suitable for ships and ships sailing in low-temperature and humid environments. It is not only complicated to construct a de-icing system suitable for ships and ships based on the above technologies , and expensive

[0004] After searching the literature of the prior art, it was found that in the patent of Chinese application publication number: CN105517215A, titled "a low-voltage transparent electric heating film and its preparation process, a high-temperature electric heating sheet and its preparation process", it is proposed that the transparent electric heating film includes glass Transparent substrate, carbon nanotube or graphene transparent conductive layer and electrodes; the transparent conductive layer is formed on at least one side of the transparent substrate; the electrodes are composed of bus bars and a number of internal electrodes, and the internal electrodes are extended from the bus bars to form interdigitated electrodes ; The electrode is located on the transparent conductive layer and is in electrical contact with the transparent conductive layer, works at a low voltage (≤12V), and reaches the expected temperature (90°C ~ 180°C). This invention is based on the test results at room temperature and does not consider The shrinkage effect of different materials at low temperature affects the electrical conductivity and electrothermal instability of the material, so it is not suitable for use under low temperature conditions

Chinese application publication number: CN101704410A, titled "Nano superhydrophobic surface for aircraft anti-icing and deicing and its preparation method", the superhydrophobic surface constructed by hydrophobic microstructure and hydrophobic nano-modified film realizes hydrophobic microstructure and Connected to the upper surface of the aircraft skin substrate, the secondary hydrophobic nano-membrane is located on the upper surface of the hydrophobic microstructure, and is baked at a temperature of 80°C to 100°C for 1 to 5 hours to form a functional surface with superhydrophobic properties, although the invention has Delay the time of freezing, but once the constructed surface freezes, it will increase the adhesion between the ice and the substrate, and the selected nano-film solidification temperature is relatively high. This method has complex design and difficult implementation

China Application Publication No.: CN105032731A, in the patent titled "Preparation Method of Energy-Saving and Anti-icing Coating Composite with Super-hydrophobic Coating and Heating Coating", discloses an energy-saving anti-icing coating combined with super-hydrophobic coating and heating coating Ice coating preparation method, the heating coating is made of materials such as high temperature resistant conductive adhesive, electroplating conductive film, bonding fine metal mesh or spreading electric heating film, and spraying a waterproof protective coating with thermal conductivity on the surface of the heating layer. The superhydrophobic coating with thermal conductivity is sprayed on the coating, and aluminum foil is pasted on both ends as electrodes. This method has the advantages of both coating and electrothermal anti-icing. However, this method has the following disadvantages: (1) The heat-conducting particles use Graphene, carbon nanotubes and other materials do not exert their electrical conductivity and waste materials

(2) The heating coating is made of materials such as high-temperature-resistant conductive adhesive and electroplated conductive film. The complexity of the process and the increase of the interface layer bring difficulties in implementation, and the reduction of environmental applicability makes it difficult to achieve convenient and low-cost ship anti-icing performance.

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