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Composite silicon powder embedded with aluminum-rich nanoparticles and its preparation method and application

A nanoparticle and silicon powder technology, applied in the field of silicon powder, can solve problems such as affecting the cycle life of lithium batteries, and achieve the effect of promoting charge and mass transfer, high bulk density and small particle size

Active Publication Date: 2020-05-12
QINGDAO UNIV
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] The invention proposes a composite silicon powder embedded with aluminum-rich nanoparticles and its preparation method and application, which solves the problem that the volume expansion of silicon negative electrode materials in the prior art is serious during the lithiation process and affects the cycle life of lithium batteries

Method used

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  • Composite silicon powder embedded with aluminum-rich nanoparticles and its preparation method and application
  • Composite silicon powder embedded with aluminum-rich nanoparticles and its preparation method and application
  • Composite silicon powder embedded with aluminum-rich nanoparticles and its preparation method and application

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preparation example Construction

[0036] A method for preparing composite silicon powder embedded with aluminum-rich nanoparticles of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0037] 1) get industrial aluminum, industrial silicon and modifier, and set aside;

[0038] 2) Heat the industrial aluminum until it melts, add industrial silicon and a modifier, mix evenly, and keep it warm for 15-90 minutes at 570-850°C to obtain an aluminum-silicon alloy melt;

[0039] 3) cooling and molding the aluminum-silicon alloy melt obtained in step 2) at a cooling rate of 0.1-100° C. / s to obtain an aluminum-silicon alloy;

[0040] 4) cutting the aluminum-silicon alloy obtained in step 3) into small pieces, placing it in an inorganic acid with a mass concentration of 5-10%, and chemically etching it for 100-120 hours to obtain the etched aluminum-silicon alloy;

[0041] 5) taking the corroded aluminum-silicon alloy obtained in step 4), soaking, stirring, and standing for 4-150h;

[0042] 6) Take the supernatant m...

Embodiment 1

[0048] A method for preparing composite silicon powder embedded with aluminum-rich nanoparticles of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0049] 1) Weigh the raw materials according to the following weight percentages: 99.0% of industrial aluminum, 0.9% of industrial silicon, and 0.6% of modificator, for future use, wherein the modificator is Sb;

[0050] 2) Put industrial aluminum in an induction furnace, heat it to melt, add industrial silicon and modifier, mix evenly, and keep it warm for 15 minutes at 850°C to obtain an aluminum-silicon alloy melt;

[0051] 3) cooling and molding the aluminum-silicon alloy melt obtained in step 2) in a clay crucible with a diameter of 50 mm at a cooling rate of 0.1° C. / s to obtain an aluminum-silicon alloy;

[0052] 4) cutting the aluminum-silicon alloy obtained in step 3) into small pieces, placing it in dilute sulfuric acid with a mass concentration of 5%, and chemically etching it for 100 hours to obtain the etched alum...

Embodiment 2

[0057] A method for preparing composite silicon powder embedded with aluminum-rich nanoparticles of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0058] 1) Weigh the raw materials according to the following weight percentages: 85.1% of industrial aluminum, 14.8% of industrial silicon, 0.1% of modificator, and set aside, wherein the modificator is Sr;

[0059] 2) Put the aluminum powder in a resistance furnace, heat it until it melts, add industrial silicon and a modifier, mix well, and keep it at 750°C for 90 minutes to obtain an aluminum-silicon alloy melt;

[0060] 3) cooling the aluminum-silicon alloy melt obtained in step 2) in a graphite crucible with a diameter of 5 mm at a cooling rate of 100° C. / s to obtain an aluminum-silicon alloy;

[0061] 4) cutting the aluminum-silicon alloy obtained in step 3) into small pieces, placing it in dilute hydrochloric acid with a mass concentration of 10%, and chemically etching it for 120 hours to obtain the etched aluminum-s...

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Abstract

A composite silicon powder embedding aluminum-rich nanoparticles, comprising a silicon particle substrate and aluminum-rich nanoparticles, the size of the silicon particle substrate being 0.2-3 μm, and the radius of the aluminum-rich nanoparticles being 3-10 nm. The silicon powder is prepared with the following raw materials in terms of weight percentage: industrial aluminum 85.1-99.0%, industrial silicon 0.9-14.8%, and a modifier 0.1-0.6%. Also disclosed is a preparation method for the composite silicon powder, which is produced by means of melting, cooling and curing, chemical corrosion, standing, centrifugation, and drying. Also disclosed is an application of the composite silicon powder. The silicon powder having embedded therein the aluminum-rich nanoparticles is structurally novel, reduces the hardness of the silicon powder, has a small particle size and a simple and controllable preparation process, is inexpensive, applicable as a negative electrode material of a lithium-ion battery, and capable for forming a nanochannel, and increases the initial discharge capacity and cycle performance of the lithium-ion battery.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of silicon powder, in particular to a composite silicon powder embedded with aluminum-rich nanoparticles and its preparation method and application. Background technique [0002] The traditional lithium battery negative electrode material is mainly graphite. However, the specific capacity of graphite is small, which makes it difficult for traditional lithium batteries to meet the requirements of large capacity and low weight lithium batteries for electric vehicles and mobile electronic devices. Silicon is a new lithium battery anode material and one of the most promising lithium battery anode materials. However, due to the poor conductivity of composite silicon powder, the volume expansion during lithiation is serious, resulting in pulverization and poor cycle life, which limits its application in lithium battery anode materials. [0003] In order to improve the performance of composite silicon powder in li...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/36H01M4/38H01M10/0525
CPCH01M4/362H01M4/386H01M10/0525Y02E60/10
Inventor 王薇李国鹏郭凤祥王瑶唐建国刘继宪黄林军焦吉庆王彦欣李海东王久兴沈文飞李磊
Owner QINGDAO UNIV
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