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A porous nano silicon-carbon composite material prepared by a magnesium thermal reduction method and a preparation method thereof

A technology of carbon composite materials and nanocomposites, applied in the direction of nanocarbon, nanotechnology for materials and surface science, nanotechnology, etc., can solve the problem of reducing cycle life, shedding of negative active materials, and reducing the reversible capacity of silicon-carbon composite materials and other problems, to achieve the effect of easy removal, less residue, and improved reversible capacity

Inactive Publication Date: 2019-01-18
NANJING UNIV OF TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

However, this material does not control the structure of the composite of mesoporous carbon and silicon particles. If the stacked volume of the porous carbon and silicon particle composite is too large, the silicon inside the stacked volume that is deeper from the surface cannot participate in the battery charge-discharge reaction, thus reducing Secondly, the material does not control the particle size of the silicon particles. If the silicon particles are too large, the volume expansion will be large during the charge and discharge cycle of the battery, resulting in the negative electrode active material from the negative electrode collection. Fluid shedding reduces cycle life

Method used

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  • A porous nano silicon-carbon composite material prepared by a magnesium thermal reduction method and a preparation method thereof
  • A porous nano silicon-carbon composite material prepared by a magnesium thermal reduction method and a preparation method thereof
  • A porous nano silicon-carbon composite material prepared by a magnesium thermal reduction method and a preparation method thereof

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0033] (1) Preparation of polystyrene (PS) microsphere emulsion:

[0034] Dissolve 3g of polyvinylpyrrolidone in 180g of water, add 8.5g of styrene, stir and heat to 70°C, then dissolve 0.18g of initiator azobisisobutylamidine hydrochloride in 30g of water, and add it to the glass reactor for reaction In 24 hours, polystyrene (PS) microsphere emulsion was obtained, and the particle size range of the microsphere was 200nm;

[0035] (2) Polystyrene / silica core-shell structure composite (PS / SiO 2 ) preparation:

[0036] Get 6g polystyrene microsphere emulsion and disperse in 100g water, stir 10 minutes, continue to add and contain 0.6g templating agent cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), the mixed solution of 39.5g ethanol, 1g ammoniacal liquor, stir 30 Minutes, slowly drop 1.4g tetraethyl tetrasilicate (TEOS) into the above mixed solution, keep stirring at 30°C for 6 hours, centrifuge, and dry in a vacuum oven at 110°C for 5 hours to obtain polystyrene / dioxide Silicon core...

Embodiment 2

[0052] (1) Preparation of polystyrene (PS) microsphere emulsion:

[0053] Dissolve 6g of polyvinylpyrrolidone in 180g of water, add 12g of styrene, stir and heat to 70°C, then dissolve 0.7g of initiator azobisisobutylamidine hydrochloride in 30g of water, add it to the reaction system and react for 18 hours , to obtain polystyrene (PS) microsphere emulsion, the microsphere particle size range is 100nm;

[0054] (2) Polystyrene / silica core-shell structure composite (PS / SiO 2 ) preparation:

[0055] Get 8.0g polystyrene microsphere emulsion and disperse in 100g water, stir for 15 minutes, continue to add the mixed solution that contains 3g templating agent cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), 50g ethanol, 1g ammonia water, stir for 30 minutes , 7.0g tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) was slowly added dropwise to the above mixed solution, stirred continuously at 35°C for 4 hours, centrifuged and dried to obtain polystyrene / silica core-shell structure composite (PS / SiO 2 ) produ...

Embodiment 3

[0064] (1) Preparation of polystyrene (PS) microsphere emulsion:

[0065] Dissolve 1g of polyvinylpyrrolidone in 180g of water, add 5g of styrene, stir and heat to 70°C, then dissolve 0.1g of initiator azobisisobutylamidine hydrochloride in 30g of water, and add it to the glass reactor for reaction 12 Hour, obtain polystyrene (PS) microsphere emulsion, the microsphere particle size scope is 50nm;

[0066] (2) Polystyrene / silica core-shell structure composite (PS / SiO 2 ) preparation:

[0067]Get 3.0g polystyrene microsphere emulsion and disperse in 100g water, stir for 12 minutes, continue to add the mixed solution containing 1g templating agent cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), 30g ethanol, 1g ammonia water, stir for 30 minutes , slowly drop 1g tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) into the above mixed solution, continue to stir at 25°C for 9 hours, centrifuge, and dry in a vacuum oven at 110°C for 5h to obtain polystyrene / silica core-shell Structural composite (PS / SiO 2 ) ...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a lithium ion battery negative electrode porous nano silicon-carbon composite material and its preparation method. At first, that polystyrene microsphere emulsion is prepared,the template agent, ethanol, ammonia and tetraethyl orthosilicate are added to perform reaction, A polystyrene / silica core-shell structure composite is obtained, Then calcining is performed at high temperature to obtain hollow carbon / silicon dioxide nanocomposite, then magnesium powder is added for reduction reaction to obtain hollow porous carbon / silicon nanocomposite, finally graphite is mixed,spray drying, high temperature heat treatment, crushing, sieving are performed to obtain porous nanosilicon carbon composite. The porous nano silicon-carbon composite material of the negative electrode of the lithium ion battery prepared by the method has high reversible capacity, good electrical conductivity, high energy density and long cycle life.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to lithium-ion battery negative electrode materials and a preparation method thereof, and relates to a lithium-ion battery negative electrode porous nano-silicon-carbon composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] In the research and application of lithium-ion battery anode materials, the theoretical specific capacity of silicon-based materials is the highest, the alloy formed by it is LixSi, the range of x is 0-4.4, and the theoretical specific capacity of pure silicon is 4200mAh / g, while the current commercial anode materials The theoretical capacity of natural graphite is only 372mAh / g, and silicon has no solvation, its raw materials are abundant, and it has higher stability than other metal materials. It is considered to be the most anticipated high-capacity lithium-ion battery anode material. However, the silicon anode undergoes serious volume expansion and contraction during the lithium ...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/36H01M4/38H01M4/583H01M4/62H01M10/0525C01B33/023C01B32/21C01B32/15B82Y30/00
CPCH01M4/36H01M4/386H01M4/583H01M4/625H01M10/0525B82Y30/00C01B32/15C01B32/21C01B33/023Y02E60/10
Inventor 刘祥王奥宁王金培徐晨
Owner NANJING UNIV OF TECH
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