Low-cost and efficient crystalline silicon solar cell module

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-cost and efficient crystalline silicon solar cell module. The knotting is performed on a polished polycrystalline silicon wafer surface or monocrystalline silicon surfacewithout performing surface texturing processing, and then a passivation film and an anti-reflection film are orderly deposited, an electrode is prepared to form a cell, and then the cell and the EVAand the photovoltaic glass are packaged as the module. The carrier conveying distance is greatly shortened, and the passivation film and the anti-reflection film are separately optimized, so that thepassivation effect of the cell can reach the optimum, the composite loss is reduced, an open-circuit voltage and the filling factor of the cell are improved. Compared with the solar cell in the texturing technology, the influence of a system serial resistor caused by the solder strip in the module and the transmission loss in the conductor for system connection can be reduced; the dosage of the chemical reagent is greatly reduced, the fragment rate in the production and the sub-fissure in the module production can be reduced, the process is simple, the cost is low, and the efficiency is high;the absorption on the infrared radiation by the surface I s reduced, the cell temperature is reduced, and the module efficiency is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of solar cells, and relates to crystalline silicon solar cell components. Background technique [0002] In the existing crystalline silicon solar cell and component technology, textured surface and passivation anti-reflection film are usually used to reduce the optical loss and electrical loss of the solar cell, so as to optimize the performance indicators of the cell, and then through ethylene- Vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) and photovoltaic glass are encapsulated to form solar cell modules. The absorption and reflection of sunlight by EVA and photovoltaic glass will reduce the luminous flux of sunlight reaching the cell, and reduce the current density and output power of the module. The light transmittance of the photovoltaic glass and the photovoltaic glass are independently optimized to reduce the package power loss of the module. However, there are following deficiencies in this technical process: [0...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] (1) For cells, the texture + passivation anti-reflection film structure has the following disadvantages: (a) The texture structure makes the specific surface area of ​​the cell very large, making the transport distance and The recombination probability is greatly increased, resulting in an increase in current loss, and a decrease in open circuit voltage and fill factor; (b) when preparing a passivation anti-reflection film on the surface of a silicon wafer, the two aspects of surface passivation and anti-reflection are considered comprehensively, and the surface When the passivation effect and anti-reflection are optimal respectively, the thickness and refractive index of the passivation anti-reflection film are not consistent, which makes the passivation effect and anti-reflection not both optimal, thus limiting the open circuit voltage, short circuit current and filling (c) In the existing production technology, chemical reagents are usually used to etch silicon wafers for surface texture treatment, and the prepared suede is greatly affected by the composition of chemical reagents and process conditions, making the suede uniform The stability and stability are not easy to control, which makes it difficult to accurately control the thickness and unstable uniformity of the anti-reflection film on the suede surface, resulting in microscopic leakage loss of the battery and instability of battery performance; ( d) In the process of texturing the surface of crystalline silicon, stress will be introduced into the silicon wafer, which will easily cause microscopic cracks, resulting in an increase in the breakage rate of the silicon wafer and the hidden cracks in the later components; at the same time, when wet chemical etching is used , to consume a lot of chemical reagents, when using physical etching, you need expensive physical etching equipment, which will lead to increased production costs; (e) the textured silicon wafer surface will absorb all wavelengths of light, including insufficient In order to generate infrared radiation of electron-hole pairs, this will often increase the temperature of the battery, resulting in a decrease in output voltage, a decrease in actual efficiency, and a decrease in power generation; (f) when preparing metal electrodes on this uneven surface, in order to maintain and For the same resistive loss on a flat surface, more metal must be used, resulting in increased metal consumption

[0004] (2) For components, the design of the anti-reflection coating on the surface of the cell is optimized based on the performance test of the cell exposed to the air, and when the cell is packaged into a component by EVA and photovoltaic glass, the received spectrum and light intensity have changed, so that the layer of anti-reflection coating does not achieve the best anti-reflection effect on the module, which leads to the final contribution of the anti-reflection coating to the power generation of the module is not obvious

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