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Aluminum ion battery using liquid metal gallium as negative electrode

An aluminum-ion battery, liquid metal technology, applied in battery electrodes, secondary batteries, circuits, etc., can solve the problems of unreusable aluminum negative electrodes, powdered negative electrodes, and waste of metal aluminum, so as to improve cycle stability and reduce waste. , the effect of reducing costs

Inactive Publication Date: 2019-09-27
UNIV OF SCI & TECH BEIJING +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Although the cost of the aluminum negative electrode is low and the theoretical capacity density is high, the corrosion and dendrite problems caused by the uneven deposition / dissolution of aluminum are serious during the cycle, and eventually lead to the powdering of the negative electrode and the permanent failure of the battery.
In addition, the powdered aluminum anode cannot be reused, resulting in the waste of metal aluminum

Method used

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  • Aluminum ion battery using liquid metal gallium as negative electrode

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0021] A corundum crucible was used as the battery case (inner diameter 100mm, height 100mm), liquid metal gallium was placed on the bottom layer of the corundum crucible (thickness 10mm), and metal molybdenum wire (diameter 1mm) was inserted into the liquid metal gallium as the negative electrode tab. Carbon paper is used as the positive electrode material, and the metal tantalum is used to connect the carbon paper as the positive electrode current collector; the carbon paper is wrapped with glass fiber as the positive electrode, and finally stainless steel is used to connect the metal tantalum as the positive electrode tab. Aluminum chloride and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride with a molar ratio of 1.3:1 were used as the electrolyte, which was placed on the upper layer of liquid gallium with a thickness of 10 mm. The entire battery is protected by inert argon gas and sealed to isolate oxygen and water. During the cycle of the battery, the positive electrode carbon paper...

Embodiment 2

[0023] A glass jar is used as the battery case (inner diameter 100mm, height 100mm), liquid metal gallium is placed on the bottom of the glass jar (thickness 10mm), and metal silver wire (diameter 1mm) is inserted into the liquid metal gallium as the negative electrode tab. Pyrolytic graphite is used as the positive electrode material, and metal molybdenum is used to connect the pyrolytic graphite as the positive electrode current collector; the pyrolytic graphite is coated with glass fiber as the positive electrode, and finally stainless steel is used to connect the metal molybdenum as the positive electrode tab. Aluminum chloride and sodium chloride with a molar ratio of 1.5:1 were used as the electrolyte, which was placed on the upper layer of liquid gallium with a thickness of 10 mm. The entire battery is protected by inert argon gas and sealed to isolate oxygen and water. The working temperature of the battery is 150±10°C. During the cycle of the battery, the positive ele...

Embodiment 3

[0025] Use a quartz tank as the battery case (inner diameter 100mm, height 100mm), put liquid metal gallium in a corundum crucible with holes in the side wall (inner diameter 10mm, side wall hole diameter 10mm), insert metal molybdenum wire (diameter 1mm) into the liquid metal The gallium is used as the negative tab. Nickel sulfide coated on tantalum foil is used as the positive electrode, and a stainless steel rod is connected as the positive electrode lug. A 1.6:1 ratio of aluminum chloride and 1-propyl-3-methylimidazole chloride was used as the electrolyte. The entire battery is protected by inert argon gas and sealed to isolate oxygen and water. During the cycle of the battery, the positive electrode carbon paper is immersed in the electrolyte, and the charge and discharge cycle is carried out in the potential range of 0.4-2.4V.

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Abstract

The invention discloses an aluminum ion battery using liquid metal gallium as a negative electrode, which belongs to the field of electrochemical batteries. The battery is characterized by comprising a liquid gallium negative electrode with the purity of 99.9% to 99.999%, a positive electrode, an aluminum chloride and inorganic acid salt electrolyte and a separator selected according to specific situations. The liquid metal gallium is directly placed on the bottom layer of the battery as a negative electrode or placed in a crucible as a negative electrode. A solid conductive material is used as the lead of the liquid gallium negative electrode. During the charging process, aluminum ions are reduced to aluminum atoms on the surface of the liquid gallium negative electrode and dissolved and diffused into the liquid gallium body phase. During the discharging process, the aluminum atoms dissolved in the liquid gallium are diffused to the surface of the gallium and are oxidized to the aluminum ions to enter the electrolyte. The charging and discharging voltage range is 0.1 to 2.4 V, and the current density range is 0.01 to 10 Ag<-1>. The liquid gallium negative electrode adopted in the invention has the characteristics of corrosion resistance, inhibition of Al dendrites and recycling. The aluminum ion battery based on the negative electrode has the advantages of long cycle life, high energy density, safety and stability, and can be used for large-scale energy storage or automobile power batteries.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an aluminum ion battery using liquid metal gallium as the negative electrode, which belongs to the field of electrochemical batteries. Specifically, a dendrite-free, corrosion-resistant, recyclable aluminum ion battery negative electrode can be obtained, and finally long life and high energy density can be obtained. , safe and stable large-scale energy storage or aluminum-ion batteries for automotive power. Background technique [0002] With the continuous reduction of non-renewable energy such as oil, coal, and natural gas, and the environmental problems caused by it, the development and utilization of renewable green new energy has become a current research hotspot. Among them, electric energy is undoubtedly a clean and important energy that can be collected in various ways (such as water power, wind power, solar energy, etc.). However, the collection of electrical energy is often accompanied by intermittent and non-continuo...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M10/054H01M4/38
CPCH01M4/38H01M10/054Y02E60/10
Inventor 王明涌焦汉东焦树强宋维力
Owner UNIV OF SCI & TECH BEIJING
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