Strengthening and toughening method of non-ferrous metal material

Abstract

The invention discloses a strengthening and toughening method of a non-ferrous metal material, and aims to solve the problems of easiness in oxidation, coarse grains, the limited improvement degree ofstrength and plasticity, high energy consumption and the like in a conventional heat treatment process of the non-ferrous metal material. According to the strengthening and toughening method, the non-ferrous metal material is subjected to rapid solution treatment by adopting electric pulses and then is subjected to primary forming, then alloys obtained after primary forming are subjected to agingtreatment, then the alloys subjected to aging treatment is subjected to secondary forming, and finally, electric pulse induced recrystallization treatment is carried out on a material subjected to secondary forming. Matrix grains and a precipitated phase are quickly fined through the electric pulses to prevent grain growth, so that the structure with the wee and even matrix grains and a dispersedstrengthening phase is obtained; and the high-strength and high-toughness non-ferrous metal material is prepared through the synergistic strengthening and toughening effect of the fine grains and theprecipitated phase. Compared with a traditional heat treatment process, the strength and the percentage elongation after fracture of the non-ferrous metal material prepared through the process are improved by 10% or above and 20% or above correspondingly.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of metal materials, and in particular relates to a method for strengthening and toughening non-ferrous metal materials. Background technique [0002] Non-ferrous metal materials have many properties such as good mechanics, electricity, magnetism, heat conduction and heat dissipation, and are widely used in various fields of national economic construction and national defense and military construction. They are important industrial basic raw materials. With the rapid development of modern industry, especially the rapid development of high-tech fields such as aviation, aerospace, new energy, advanced weaponry and equipment, the performance of copper alloys, aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, titanium alloys, nickel-based alloys and other non-ferrous metals And processing performance put forward higher and higher requirements. Simultaneously improving the strength and plasticity of the alloy and realizing its ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The strength and plasticity of non-ferrous metal materials can be improved at the same time through grain refinement, but the extent to which grain refinement can improve the strength of alloys is limited. Therefore, to obtain higher-strength non-ferrous metal materials requires proper heat treatment to form a large amount of dispersion in the alloy. Realization of finely distributed reinforcement phase particles

[0003] At present, non-ferrous metal materials that can be strengthened by heat treatment are basically prepared by deformation heat treatment process, that is, "solution → processing → aging" process, in which solution treatment is annealed at a relatively high temperature for a long time, and there are the following problems: 1) Heating temperature High (0.9T s Above, T s is the melting point of the alloy), the holding time is long (depending on the batch size in the furnace, generally several hours), and the energy consumption is large; 2) The surface oxide layer is easy to form during the heat treatment process, and it is difficult to remove it in the subsequent process, which affects the product quality; 3) It is easy to cause abnormal growth of grains, resulting in coarse grains and uneven size distribution inside the alloy, which seriously damages the mechanical properties of the alloy; 4) The processing technology is demanding, and it is easy to cause uneven internal temperature of the material and local overburning, resulting in solid solution Poor uniformity, consistency and stability of alloy structure and properties after treatment

In addition, the alloy after solid solution treatment undergoes plastic forming and aging treatment. The aging temperature is generally lower than the recrystallization temperature. Although strengthening phases can be precipitated in the alloy to improve its strength, the solid solution treatment produces coarse grains and irregular size distribution. The homogeneous phenomenon still exists, and the plasticity of the prepared alloy is poor

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