A kind of electrochemical decontamination method of zirconium alloy waste cladding
A zirconium alloy and electrochemical technology is applied in the field of electrochemical decontamination of zirconium alloy waste cladding, which can solve the problems of not meeting commercial decontamination standards, low decontamination coefficient, and high decontamination cost, and can reduce the phenomenon of cathodic hydrogen evolution, The effect of high electrolysis efficiency and improved effect
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Embodiment 1
[0042] (1) Preparation of electrolyte: prepare electrolyte with pure water, hydrofluoric acid, sodium fluoride and nitric acid, the molar concentration of hydrofluoric acid in the electrolyte is 0.1mol / L, and the molar concentration of sodium fluoride is 0.1mol / L , the molar concentration of nitric acid is 0.0001mol / L, and the pH value of the electrolyte is 2.0;
[0043] (2) Calcination treatment simulates the zirconium-4 alloy oxide layer similar to the waste cladding:
[0044] Wash the cut zirconium-4 alloy material with washing powder to remove oil stains, then place it in an ultrasonic cleaner for 10 to 20 minutes, repeat two to three times, until there is basically no black residue in the residual liquid after cleaning, and then place it in an oven Drying in medium temperature; place the dried zirconium-4 alloy material in a muffle furnace, and calcine it at 550°C for 1 hour to form an oxide layer similar to the surface of the waste cladding, and clean it with the same me...
Embodiment 2
[0056] The process of electrochemical decontamination of zirconium alloy waste cladding is the same as (1) to (3) in Example 1, and the difference from Example 1 is that the applied voltage is set to 5.0V, 5.5V, 6.5V, 7.0V, 7.5V, 8.0V, the electrochemical etching rate of zirconium alloy waste cladding is shown in Table 1. It can be seen from Table 1 that the etching rate reaches 20 μm / h when the applied voltage is 8 V. Since the high-level radioactive materials in the waste cladding are mainly concentrated near the surface layer of 100 μm, in the nitric acid-hydrofluoric acid-sodium fluoride electrolyte system, the potential 8V (relative to saturated calomel electrode) electrolysis for 5 hours can basically meet the actual electrochemical decontamination needs; in addition, it can also be seen from Table 1 that the etching rate can be controlled by controlling the etching potential.
Embodiment 3
[0062] The process of electrochemical decontamination of zirconium alloy waste cladding is the same as (1)~(3) in embodiment 1, and the difference from embodiment 1 is that the fluorine in the nitric acid-hydrofluoric acid-sodium fluoride electrolyte system is The molar concentration of NaCl was changed to 0.1mmol / L and 10mmol / L.
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