3D printed artificial periosteum, artificial bone, artificial skeleton and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a 3D printed artificial periosteum, an artificial bone, an artificial skeleton and a preparation method thereof. The 3D printed artificial periosteum is prepared by compoundingcalcium alginate and nanoscale pig cross-linked collagen fibers as materials through 3D printing according to the shape of the periosteum required by a bone defect part of a patient, wherein the massratio of the calcium alginate to the nanoscale pig cross-linked collagen fibers is 1:(1-5). The 3D printed artificial bone is formed by printing an artificial bone material by using a 3D printer according to the shape of the bone defect part of the patient; and the artificial bone material is prepared from the following components: 1wt%-6wt% of nanoscale pig cross-linked collagen fibers, 3wt%-4wt% of nanoscale hydroxyapatite and 90wt%-96wt% of a degradable biological carrier material. The 3D printed artificial skeleton is composed of the 3D printed artificial bone body and the 3D printed artificial periosteum.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of medical materials, and in particular relates to a 3D printing artificial bone and periosteum repair material and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] In recent years, due to the rapid development of the transportation industry, mining industry, and construction industry, high-energy bone injuries have been caused. Clinically, bone abnormalities and bone injuries caused by congenital diseases, infectious diseases, tumors, and surgical operations are also very common. Bones are mainly composed of periosteum and bone. It is estimated that 12 million orthopedic cases in my country require bone grafting or periosteum every year. In the field of bone defect filling medical materials, for a long time, autologous bone, autologous periosteum and allogeneic bone have been commonly used bone graft materials in the clinical treatment of bone defects. Although autologous bone transplantation h...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the pig collagen membrane has the following disadvantages: the absorption time of this kind of material is long after being implanted in the host, usually 5-8 months, which often leads to surrounding fibrosis, chronic inflammatory reaction, and poor bone regeneration effect

An ideal graft requires that the tympanic membrane has a three-layer tissue structure close to the normal tympanic membrane after healing, so as to ensure good tensile resistance against negative pressure in the middle ear, prevent invagination and adhesion of the newborn tympanic membrane, and at the same time have good vibration and sound transmission function, but the current autologous materials and artificial materials are difficult to meet the above requirements

At present, the most commonly used tympanic membrane repair material in clinical practice is autologous temporalis muscle fascia, which has a high success rate, but the fascia is prone to contracture and deformation when exposed to water or blood, and it is difficult to place and fix it during the operation; gelatin sponge is required for support in the tympanic cavity , postoperative complications such as invagination, adhesion, reperforation, and secondary cholesteatoma formation are prone to occur; only provide a scaffold for epithelial migration, cannot thicken the tympanic membrane, and cannot resist the negative pressure of the middle ear; when the large tympanic membrane is perforated, the central part Poor blood supply and easy re-perforation. Therefore, it is generally believed that temporalis muscle fascia is the best choice for treating small or medium-sized tympanic membrane perforation with normal tympanic mucosa and good ventilation. In patients with sclerosis and large perforation of the tympanic membrane, the incidence of postoperative tympanic membrane reperforation, adhesion, and cholesteatoma formation is high

Other soft autograft materials and tissue engineering materials that have been reported so far have similar defects, so they cannot meet all clinical needs

[0013] In response to the above situation, Goodhill first proposed the use of autologous cartilage-perichondrium composite as the material for tympanic membrane transplantation in 1967. After more than 50 years of clinical application, it was found that the composite has strong anti-infection ability, and the retained perichondrium can accelerate the fusion with the residual edge of the tympanic membrane. Healing, having certain hardness and elasticity, etc., can increase the success rate of tympanic membrane repair surgery. It has been widely used clinically, but cartilage-perichondrium has some defects of its own, so its application is also subject to certain restrictions. limit

The first is that the tragus cartilage often used in surgery is often uneven, and the edges are prone to upturning or sinking after being placed on the transplantation bed, making it detached from the tympanic membrane flap of the external auditory canal, resulting in poor healing of postoperative perforation. Thick cartilage and temporal fascia have a higher perforation healing rate, cartilage with a thickness less than or equal to 0.5 mm has a better balance between mechanical stability and sound conduction, and the thickness of Chinese tragus cartilage in males and females, respectively 0.8-1.16mm, 0.85-1.02mm, which requires trimming the removed tragus cartilage during the operation, but the preparation and laying of a thin layer of cartilage during the operation will prolong the operation time and increase the risk of complications such as infection, and the cartilage The thinner the cut, the more curled it will increase the risk of graft displacement and postoperative reperforation. If artificial materials can be used to simulate the cartilage-perichondrium graft structure, it will help overcome the above shortcomings and improve the success rate of tympanic membrane repair surgery

[0014] In summary, the existing artificial bone technology cannot fully meet the biocompatibility and clinical application of bone materials, the carrier materials used are different from the natural bone components of the human body, and the artificial bone surface lacks a compatible periosteum structure, and Most materials cannot be used for 3D printing, the production time is long, and the patient's diseased part cannot be completely matched, and there are shortcomings such as insufficient mechanical strength

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