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Diatomite composite catalyst as well as preparation method and application thereof

A composite catalyst, diatomite technology, applied in chemical instruments and methods, physical/chemical process catalysts, separation methods, etc., can solve the problems of unknown stability, loss of active components, high cost of precious metals, and achieve good thermal stability and Adsorptive, eliminate carbon monoxide and formaldehyde, improve the effect of reaction mass transfer

Active Publication Date: 2021-07-23
JILIN UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

However, due to the high cost of noble metals, a large fraction of the catalysts developed are of limited use under practical conditions
For example, the mass fraction of the catalyst active component Pt synthesized in CN101879446A is 0.5-5%; CN102886273B uses a mass percentage composition of 0.25-25% metal oxide and 1-10% nano-silver as active components; the catalyst in CN107774245A The noble metal active components used are as high as 3.5-7.0wt%, and the above-mentioned CO low-temperature elimination catalyst has a large loading capacity of noble metal active components, so the cost is too high and it is difficult to apply on a large scale
Metal oxide based catalysts (Co 3 o 4 , MnO x etc.) have also aroused widespread interest of researchers, but often the oxidation process will lead to the loss of active components and reduce the activity and stability of the catalyst
The content of the active component metal oxide used in CN101954283B is as high as 83%, which greatly increases the cost of the catalyst, and at the same time loses the meaning of diatomite as a carrier
Most of the catalysts currently developed can only be applied to the elimination of single pollutants, which greatly increases the limitations of catalysts
"A catalytic module for eliminating formaldehyde at room temperature and its preparation method" disclosed in CN105289298B is only suitable for eliminating formaldehyde at room temperature, and cannot completely degrade formaldehyde in a long period of time
The catalyst disclosed in CN101954283B "A Diatomite Catalyst for Eliminating Carbon Monoxide at Normal Temperature and Its Preparation Method" can only be used to eliminate CO at room temperature and its stability is unknown, so it is difficult to apply to industrial production
CN102284285A mentions a "high-efficiency cold catalyst for simultaneous elimination of formaldehyde and carbon monoxide in air purifiers". The content of additives and precious metals added in the synthesis process of the cold catalyst is slightly higher than that of the present invention, and the carrier used It is honeycomb ceramic or porous metal foam, and the price is higher than that of diatomite, which increases the cost of the catalyst
In CN106391007B, "A Catalyst for Catalyzing and Eliminating Carbon Monoxide and Formaldehyde and Its Preparation Method" Disclosed in CN106391007B, the active component of the noble metal accounts for 0.1% to 5% of the total mass of the catalyst, which also improves the catalyst quality to a certain extent. the cost of
Therefore, it is still challenging to develop high-performance, affordable and stable catalysts for both CO and formaldehyde at room temperature.

Method used

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  • Diatomite composite catalyst as well as preparation method and application thereof
  • Diatomite composite catalyst as well as preparation method and application thereof
  • Diatomite composite catalyst as well as preparation method and application thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0057] This example provides a diatomite composite catalyst for the low-temperature elimination of carbon monoxide and formaldehyde, which consists of 1 g of modified diatomite carrier added with catalyst additive Fe and 0.001 g of active component Pt. Wherein, the loading amount of the noble metal active component Pt is 0.1 wt% of the modified diatomite carrier added with the catalyst promoter Fe, and the additive amount of Fe is 1 wt% of the modified diatomite carrier.

[0058] Its preparation method is as follows:

[0059] S1, modified with diatomaceous earth.

[0060] The first step: prepare 1mol / L sodium hydroxide solution. Weigh 1 g of diatomaceous earth into the above alkaline solution, and stir at 25° C. for 2 h.

[0061] The second step: evaporate the solid-liquid mixture obtained in the first step to dryness in an 80°C water bath, and put it in an oven for drying. The dried samples were calcined at 600 °C for 3 h. Modified diatomite doped with sodium ions is obta...

Embodiment 2

[0082] This example provides a diatomite composite catalyst for low-temperature elimination of carbon monoxide and formaldehyde, which is composed of 1 g of modified diatom earth carrier added with catalyst additive Cu-Zr and 0.001 g of active component Au-Rh. Among them, the loading amount of the noble metal active component Au-Rh is 0.1wt% of the modified diatomite carrier added with the catalyst additive Cu-Zr, and the addition amount of the auxiliary agent Cu-Zr is 1wt% of the modified diatomite carrier .

[0083] Its preparation method is as follows:

[0084] S1, modified with diatomaceous earth.

[0085] The first step: prepare 1mol / L potassium hydroxide solution. Weigh 1 g of diatomaceous earth into the above alkaline solution, and stir at 25° C. for 2 h.

[0086] The second step: evaporate the solid-liquid mixture obtained in the first step to dryness in an 80°C water bath, and put it in an oven for drying. The dried samples were calcined at 600 °C for 3 h. A modi...

Embodiment 3

[0107] This example provides a diatomite composite catalyst for low-temperature elimination of carbon monoxide and formaldehyde, consisting of 1g of modified diatomite carrier with catalyst additive Fe-La-Al and 0.001g of active component Rh-Os-Ir constitute. Among them, the loading amount of the noble metal active component Rh-Os-Ir is 0.1wt% of the modified diatomite carrier with the addition of the catalyst promoter Fe-La-Al, and the amount of the additive Fe-La-Al is modified silicon 1 wt% of algal earth carrier.

[0108] Its preparation method is as follows:

[0109] S1, modified with diatomaceous earth.

[0110] The first step: prepare 1mol / L mixed solution of sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate. Weigh 1 g of diatomaceous earth into the above alkaline solution, and stir at 25° C. for 2 h.

[0111] The second step: evaporate the solid-liquid mixture obtained in the first step to dryness in an 80°C water bath, and put it in an oven for drying. The dried samples w...

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Abstract

The invention is applicable to the technical field of catalysts, and provides a diatomite composite catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. The diatomite composite catalyst takes diatomite modified by an alkaline solution as a carrier; and the carrier is loaded with at least one noble metal element as an active component and at least one non-noble metal element as a catalyst auxiliary agent. The diatomite composite catalyst with high activity and high stability can be prepared, the diatomite composite catalyst has relatively low noble metal active component and non-noble metal auxiliary agent content, and the developed pore structure of the diatomite composite catalyst can effectively capture and eliminate pollutants; and carbon monoxide, formaldehyde or mixed gas of the carbon monoxide and the formaldehyde can be effectively eliminated at room temperature without heating or illumination and the like, and the diatomite composite catalyst is suitable for various air purification devices. In addition, the preparation method adopted by the invention is simple and convenient to operate, strong in universality, cheap and easily available in raw materials, and suitable for large-scale preparation of industrial catalysts.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of catalysts, in particular to a diatomite composite catalyst and its preparation method and application. Background technique [0002] At present, air pollution has become a major environmental problem in the world. Many substances can cause air pollution, including carbon monoxide (CO), formaldehyde, particulate matter, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, smoke, sulfur dioxide, organic dyes, etc., among which CO and formaldehyde are the most common pollutants. CO is toxic, and at higher concentrations it can cause symptoms of poisoning to varying degrees. Formaldehyde is extremely irritating to human skin and mucous membranes. Therefore, exposure to CO and formaldehyde in the air will not only bring environmental pollution, but even threaten human life and health. CO is usually produced as a result of incomplete combustion of fossil fuels and tailpipe emissions during the cold start phase of vehicles. Decoration ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): B01J23/44B01J23/63B01J23/656B01J23/66B01J23/68B01J23/89B01D53/86B01D53/72B01D53/62
CPCB01J23/8906B01J23/8926B01J23/894B01J23/63B01J23/688B01J23/6562B01J23/66B01J23/892B01J23/44B01J23/8946B01J23/898B01J23/685B01J23/686B01D53/8668B01D53/864Y02A50/20
Inventor 刘钢石少真闫雪兰邹永存
Owner JILIN UNIV