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Method for extracting lithium from waste lithium battery

A waste lithium battery and lithium extraction technology, applied in the field of lithium extraction, can solve the problems of lithium recovery, lower lithium recovery rate, and long process, so as to achieve low production cost, avoid lithium loss, and reduce lithium loss.

Active Publication Date: 2021-12-28
GUANGDONG BRUNP RECYCLING TECH +2
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

At present, the method of separating and recovering metals one by one is mostly used, which has a long process and high cost, and the extraction agent has the ability to extract lithium, thereby reducing the recovery rate of lithium.
If the leaching solution is directly used as the precursor of the positive electrode material, the recovery of lithium cannot be considered

Method used

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  • Method for extracting lithium from waste lithium battery
  • Method for extracting lithium from waste lithium battery
  • Method for extracting lithium from waste lithium battery

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0028] A kind of method extracting lithium from waste lithium battery, with reference to figure 1 , the specific process is:

[0029] (1) Leaching: Put 100g of waste lithium battery positive electrode powder into 1L of hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 6.0mol / L, and add 100mL of hydrogen peroxide for leaching for 5h. After the reaction is completed, filter to obtain the leachate and carbon black residue;

[0030] Detection of leachate:

[0031]

[0032] (2) Reduction replacement: add iron powder to the leachate obtained in step (1), the molar ratio of the amount of iron powder added to the content of copper ions in the leachate is 1.1:1;

[0033] (3) Oxidative hydrolysis: after step (2) reaction finishes, add chlorine and add calcium carbonate to adjust pH to be 3.5-4.0, after solid-liquid separation, obtain copper-iron slag and filtrate;

[0034] (4) Nickel-cobalt precipitation: at a temperature of 65-70°C, feed hydrogen sulfide gas with a pressure of 200kPa into...

Embodiment 2

[0041] A method for extracting lithium from waste lithium batteries, the specific process is:

[0042] (1) Leaching: put 100g of waste lithium battery positive electrode powder into 0.5L of hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 3.0mol / L, and add 800mL of hydrogen peroxide for leaching for 6 hours. After the reaction is completed, filter to obtain the leachate and carbon black residue;

[0043] Detection of leachate:

[0044]

[0045] (2) Reduction replacement: add iron powder to the leachate obtained in step (1), the molar ratio of the amount of iron powder added to the content of copper ions in the leachate is 1.05:1;

[0046] (3) Oxidative hydrolysis: after step (2) reaction finishes, add hydrogen peroxide and add calcium carbonate to adjust pH to be 3.5-4.0, after solid-liquid separation, obtain copper-iron slag and filtrate;

[0047] (4) Nickel-cobalt sedimentation: at a temperature of 80-90°C, feed hydrogen sulfide gas with a pressure of 300kPa into the filtrate o...

Embodiment 3

[0054] A method for extracting lithium from waste lithium batteries, the specific process is:

[0055] (1) Leaching: put 100g of waste lithium battery positive electrode powder into 0.8L of hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 1.0mol / L, and add 120mL of hydrogen peroxide for leaching for 5 hours. After the reaction is completed, filter to obtain the leachate and carbon black residue;

[0056] Detection of leachate:

[0057]

[0058] (2) Reduction replacement: add iron powder to the leachate obtained in step (1), the molar ratio of the amount of iron powder added to the content of copper ions in the leachate is 1.1:1;

[0059] (3) Oxidative hydrolysis: after step (2) reaction finishes, add nitric acid and add calcium carbonate to adjust pH to be 3.5-4.0, after solid-liquid separation, obtain copper-iron slag and filtrate;

[0060] (4) Nickel-cobalt precipitation: at a temperature of 85-95°C, feed hydrogen sulfide gas with a pressure of 250kPa into the filtrate obtained...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for extracting lithium from a waste lithium battery. The method comprises the following steps of leaching positive electrode powder of the waste lithium battery in hydrochloric acid, filtering to obtain a leaching solution, removing copper and iron from the leaching solution, introducing hydrogen sulfide gas for reaction, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a first filter residue and a first filtrate, adding potassium permanganate into the first filtrate, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain second filter residues and second filtrate, carrying out spray pyrolysis on the second filtrate to obtain solid particles, washing the solid particles to obtain washing liquor, carrying out water spraying collection on tail gas generated by spray pyrolysis, and mixing the collected tail gas with the washing liquor to obtain a lithium salt solution. According to the method, the positive electrode powder is leached through hydrochloric acid, the hydrochloric acid leaching solution is obtained, copper and iron impurities in the leaching solution are sequentially removed, nickel and cobalt are precipitated through hydrogen sulfide, potassium permanganate is added, manganese ions are precipitated, manganese dioxide is generated, finally aluminum and magnesium in the solution are converted into oxides through spray pyrolysis, and the lithium salt is separated out; and in the whole reaction process, organic solvent extraction is not needed, so that the loss of lithium is reduced.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium battery recovery, in particular to a method for extracting lithium from waste lithium batteries. Background technique [0002] Ternary lithium-ion batteries are widely used in the fields of electronic products, mobile power supplies and new energy vehicles due to their good safety, high energy density, environmental protection and good electrochemical performance. However, after many cycles of charging and discharging, the active material in the battery will lose its activity, resulting in a decrease in the capacity of the battery and making the battery scrapped. With the widespread use of lithium-ion batteries, there will inevitably be a large number of waste batteries. If they are discarded randomly, it will not only cause serious pollution to the environment, but also contain a variety of precious and scarce metals such as nickel, cobalt, and lithium in the positive electrode material. Among t...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C22B7/00C22B26/12H01M10/54
CPCC22B7/007C22B26/12H01M10/54Y02P10/20Y02W30/84C22B3/10C22B3/46C22B23/043C22B23/0461C22B3/44C22B47/00H01M10/052C01G45/12C22B7/00C22B15/0069
Inventor 余海军谢英豪李爱霞张学梅李长东
Owner GUANGDONG BRUNP RECYCLING TECH