Method for completely recovering valuable components in waste lithium battery

A waste lithium battery, full recycling technology, applied in battery recycling, waste collector recycling, recycling technology and other directions, can solve the problems that do not involve lithium hexafluorophosphate recycling, environmental pollution, cumbersome steps, etc., to adapt to large-scale industrial production, The effect of improving the recycling output value and the environmental protection of the recycling process

Pending Publication Date: 2022-03-25
HUNAN JIANG YE MECHANICAL & ELECTRICAL TECH CO LTD
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, this invention does not involve the recovery and treatment of the electrolyte solute lithium hexafluorophosphate. Low-temperature volatilization cannot remove the electrolyte, and harmful lithium hexafluorophosphate enters subsequent processes, seriously polluting the environment
Secondly, crushing the inner core will lead to a higher metal content in the electrode powder. If the material is too finely crushed, the accuracy of color selection will be affected. Finally, the battery shell and inner core must be manually disassembled and separated. The steps are cumbersome and are not conducive to industrial production.

Method used

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  • Method for completely recovering valuable components in waste lithium battery

Examples

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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0034]Under a nitrogen atmosphere, the waste square steel shell ternary lithium battery is passed into the crushing system, and the shearing type is used for one-time crushing, and then the crushed material is added to the pyrolysis system, and the rotary kiln-type pyrolysis furnace is used at a high temperature of 550 ° C. Pyrolysis under ambient conditions for 1 hour, and the pyrolyzed material is sent to a multi-component screening and sorting system. First, a small amount of powder that has fallen off is screened and selected, and then the sieve including positive and negative electrodes, shells and pile heads The upper matter is sorted by winnowing to obtain positive and negative electrode pieces. The electrode piece mixture is passed through the electrode powder wet stripping system, and soaked in dilute sulfuric acid with a mass fraction of 0.5% for 5 minutes. The liquid-solid mass ratio is 20:1. Screening with a sieve, filtering the slurry to obtain wet pole powder, and...

Embodiment 2

[0038] In a nitrogen atmosphere, the waste square aluminum shell ternary lithium battery is passed into the crushing system, and the shearing type is used for one-time crushing, and then the crushed material is added to the pyrolysis system, and the rotary kiln type pyrolysis furnace is used at 550 ℃ for high temperature and oxygen deprivation. Pyrolysis under ambient conditions for 1 hour, and the pyrolyzed material is sent to a multi-component screening and sorting system. First, a small amount of powder that has fallen off is screened and selected, and then the sieve including positive and negative electrodes, shells and pile heads The upper matter is sorted by winnowing to obtain positive and negative electrode pieces. The electrode piece mixture is passed through the electrode powder wet stripping system, and soaked in dilute hydrochloric acid with a mass fraction of 0.1% for 3 minutes. The liquid-solid mass ratio is 20:1. Sieve with a sieve, filter the slurry to obtain we...

Embodiment 3

[0042] In a nitrogen atmosphere, the waste soft-packed ternary lithium battery is passed into the crushing system, and the shearing type is used for one-time crushing, and then the crushed material is added to the pyrolysis system, and the rotary kiln type pyrolysis furnace is used in a high-temperature anaerobic environment at 550 ° C. Pyrolysis for 1 hour. After pyrolysis, the material is sent to a multi-component screening and sorting system. First, a small amount of powder that has fallen off is screened and selected, and then the sieve including the positive and negative electrodes, shell and pile The positive and negative electrode pieces are obtained by winnowing and sorting. The electrode piece mixture is passed through the electrode powder wet stripping system, and soaked in dilute sulfuric acid with a mass fraction of 0.1% for 3 minutes. The liquid-solid mass ratio is 20:1. Sieve, filter the slurry to obtain wet electrode powder, and return the filtrate to the wet str...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for completely recovering valuable components in a waste lithium battery. And carrying out electrified crushing on the disassembled single batteries under the protection of nitrogen atmosphere, and carrying out high-temperature pyrolysis in an anaerobic environment after crushing. Tail gas generated by high-temperature pyrolysis, electrolyte volatilization in the crushing process, metal dust generated by winnowing and acid mist generated by wet stripping are conveyed to an environment-friendly treatment system, and are discharged after being treated to reach the standard through the steps of secondary high-temperature combustion and the like. The pyrolyzed material passes through a multi-component screening and sorting system, and positive and negative pole pieces, a magnetic conductive shell and a pile head, and a non-magnetic shell and a pile head are sorted out. The sorted positive and negative pole pieces pass through a material wet stripping system, pole powder and copper-aluminum foil are separated, and copper and aluminum separation is achieved through color sorting. The recovery rate of the pole powder is 98% or above, the grade of the pole powder is high, copper and aluminum foil current collectors are recovered at the same time, metal shells and pile heads made of different materials are recovered in a classified mode, the recovery rate is high, the output value of the recovery process is increased, and the recovery process is environmentally friendly.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the recycling and utilization of waste lithium batteries, in particular to a method for fully recycling valuable components in waste lithium batteries. Background technique [0002] According to statistics, among the top 10 companies with global power battery installed capacity in 2020, Chinese battery companies occupy 6 seats. China already has the world's largest new energy vehicle and power battery industry chain. The installed capacity of power batteries has been rising in recent years. Under the huge demand, the demand for upstream raw materials has increased significantly. Affected by the lack of resources, my country mainly relies on imported ore resources from abroad. and processed high-end products to meet domestic production and supply. According to statistics, the import dependence of nickel, cobalt, manganese, and lithium exceeds 70%, 80%, 60%, and 70% respectively. The recycling of waste lithium battery resources h...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M10/54
CPCH01M10/54Y02W30/84
Inventor 甄必波吴光辉谭文强刘方方
Owner HUNAN JIANG YE MECHANICAL & ELECTRICAL TECH CO LTD
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