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Preparation method of polylactic acid superfine fiber, and preparation method and application of composite material
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A technology of ultra-fine fibers and composite materials, applied in the application, fiber processing, melt spinning, etc., can solve the problems of insufficient convincing, no data comparison of performance characteristics, etc., to achieve good dimensional stability, excellent degradability, The effect of strong mechanical properties
Active Publication Date: 2022-06-28
WUHAN TEXTILE UNIV
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Problems solved by technology
This invention only performs a simple hot-pressed film on polylactic acid melt-blown cloth, and does not compound polylactic acid ultrafine fibers with other substances, nor does it involve beating, papermaking and other technological processes; the prior art also discloses reactive Simultaneous preparation process of cellulose nanofibrils / polylactic acid composite materials, the invention has modified cellulose, but the performance characteristics after modification have not been compared with data, which is not convincing enough
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[0036] The embodiment of the present application provides a preparation method of polylactic acid ultrafine fiber, comprising the following steps:
[0037] S11, adding the polylactic acid pellets to the melt-blown nonwoven machine to obtain a polylactic acid melt after being melt-blown;
[0038] S12, drawing and cooling the polylactic acid melt again, and then forming superfine fibers on the condensing screen curtain, that is, obtaining polylactic acid superfine fibers;
[0039] Wherein, the process conditions for the polylactic acid pellets to be added to the melt-blown non-woven fabricmachine to obtain the polylactic acid melt after melt-blown are as follows: the temperature in the first zone of the screw is 145-155°C, the temperature in the second zone of the screw is 185-195°C, The temperature of the third zone of the screw is 210-220°C, the temperature of the fourth zone of the screw is 210-220°C, the temperature of the metering zone is 210-220°C, the temperature of the ...
Embodiment 1
[0062] The embodiment of the present application provides a preparation method of polylactic acid ultrafine fiber, comprising the following steps:
[0063] S11, placing the polylactic acid pellets in a vacuum oven and vacuuming at 120°C for 24 hours;
[0064] S12, adding the polylactic acid pellets processed in step S1 to a melt-blown nonwoven machine (model RP-300) to obtain polylactic acid melt after melt-blown; wherein, polylactic acid melt is obtained after melt-blown The process conditions of body extrusion control are: the temperature of the first screw zone is 150 °C, the temperature of the second screw zone is 190 °C, the temperature of the third screw zone is 215 °C, the temperature of the fourth screw zone is 215 °C, the temperature of the metering zone is 215 °C, and the screen changing zone is 215 °C. The temperature is 215°C, the film head temperature is 215°C, and the melt temperature is 213°C;
[0065] S13, then draw the polylactic acid melt and cool it by blas...
Embodiment 2
[0077] The examples of this application provide a method for preparing polylactic acid ultrafine fibers, which is exactly the same as Example 1.
[0078] The examples of the present application also provide a method for preparing a composite material, which is different from Example 1 in that the mass ratio of the polylactic acid pulp to the cellulose pulp used is 2:8.
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of polylactic acid superfine fibers, and a preparation method and application of a composite material. The preparation method of the polylactic acid superfine fiber comprises the following steps: adding polylactic acid granules into a melt-blowing non-woven fabricmachine, and carrying out melt extrusion through a screw rod to obtain a polylactic acid melt; and drafting and cooling the polylactic acid melt, and forming superfine fibers on a net condensing curtain to obtain the polylactic acid superfine fibers. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing polylactic acid pulp from polylactic acid superfine fibers, mixing the polylactic acid pulp with cellulose pulp, carrying out wet papermaking, drying, and carrying out hot pressing to obtain the composite material. The prepared composite material has the advantages of good dimensional stability, excellent degradability, good thermal stability and relatively strong mechanical properties, and can be used for preparing environment-friendly degradable packaging materials, water-resistant straw materials, flexible transparent electronic device substrate materials and agricultural protection and medical materials.
Description
technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of polylactic acid materials, in particular to a preparation method of polylactic acid ultrafine fibers, a preparation method and application of composite materials. Background technique [0002] Polylactic acid (PLA) is a new type of biodegradable material. The molecule is a polyesterpolymer obtained by polymerizing lactic acid as the main raw material. The glass transition temperature of polylactic acid is 60-65 °C, the melting point is 176 °C, the heat distortion temperature of polylactic acid is very low at about 55-60 °C, the thermal stability of polylactic acid is good, and the processing temperature is between 170-230 °C, It has good solvent resistance and can be processed in a variety of ways, such as spinning, biaxial stretching, injection blow molding, etc. It can be used continuously at 220°C. Polylactic acid is a new type of biodegradable material with good biodegradability, which is environmen...
Claims
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Application Information
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