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Renewable hydrocarbon composition

a technology of hydrocarbons and compositions, applied in the field of hydrocarbon compositions, can solve the problems of affecting the combustion properties of diesel fuels, and achieve the effect of low oxygen content and high hydrocarbon conten

Active Publication Date: 2018-12-11
UPM-KYMMENE OYJ
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0012]The above composition has a high content of hydrocarbons and a low content of oxygen-containing compounds (oxygenates). The total hydrocarbon content is comparable to that of petrofuels. This makes the composition highly suitable for use as a petrofuel replacement or a biofuel component to be blended with a petrofuel. The composition is particularly suited to being blended with petrodiesel or kerosene.
[0013]Unlike first generation biodiesels produced by transesterification, the composition of the present invention contains no ester compounds or a negligible amount of ester compounds. Accordingly, the composition does not suffer from the poor low-temperature properties and poor storage stability of first generation biodiesels, and there is no risk of the composition degrading automobile components in the manner of first generation biodiesel. Also, the distillation curve of the composition of the invention is closer to that of petrodiesel than first generation biodiesels and does not suffer from the disadvantages of high boiling point compounds. Such compounds worsen the combustion properties of diesel fuels.
[0015]As compared to conventional petrodiesel, the composition of the invention has a low content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (no more than 2 mass % of C7-20 polycyclic aromatics). Also, the amount of monoaromatic hydrocarbons relative to the total amount of aromatic hydrocarbons is higher for the present composition than for petrodiesel. The composition is thus useful for reducing the polyaromatic hydrocarbon content of a fuel and increasing the proportion of monoaromatic hydrocarbons. This is beneficial in terms of enhancing combustion and decreasing soot emissions.
[0019]A still further embodiment of the invention is a fuel blend comprising a composition as defined above. As already mentioned, the composition is compatible with petrofuels, particularly petroleum-derived diesel and kerosene. A diesel blend can easily be made compliant with the EN 590 Standard.

Problems solved by technology

Such compounds worsen the combustion properties of diesel fuels.

Method used

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Examples

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example 1

[0083]A hydrocarbon composition was produced by subjecting crude tall oil to a hydroprocessing treatment. The crude tall oil originated from tall oil soap obtained from chemical digestion of a mixture of northern softwood (pine and spruce) and birch. The crude tall oil contained 51 mass % of fatty acids, 26 mass % of resin acids and 23 mass % of neutral compounds.

[0084]The crude tall oil was purified by three-step evaporation to remove 4% of the oil as a light fraction and 6% of the oil as a heavy pitch fraction. The purified oil was fed into a pilot reactor system together with hydrogen. The pilot reactor system contained a guard unit having two catalyst beds arranged in series. The catalyst beds each contained Ni, Mo and W as active metals and SiO2 and Al2O3 as support materials and metal scavengers. Hydrogen was mixed with the feed upstream of the guard unit.

[0085]From the guard unit, the composition was passed to a hydroprocessing reactor together with hydrogen. The hydroprocess...

example 2

[0095]A second hydrocarbon composition was isolated from the hydroprocessed composition of Example 1 by subjecting the composition to distillation and collecting the components distilling in the temperature range of 170-300° C. The composition of the collected distillate is detailed in Table 4 below.

[0096]

TABLE 4ComponentAmount (mass %)C8-30 linear alkanes34.3C9-23 linear alkanes33.3C9-20 linear alkanes32.4C15-18 linear alkanes23.9C8-30 branched alkanes39.9C8-30 linear alkanes +74.1C8-30 branches alkanesC8-30 cycloalkanes14.4C8-30 linear alkanes +87.8C8-30 branched alkanes +C8-30 cycloalkanesC7-20 aromatic hydrocarbons11.2C7-20 monoaromatic hydrocarbons10.3C8-30 linear alkanes +99.7C8-30 branched alkanes +C8-30 cycloalkanes +C7-20 aromatic hydrocarbons

[0097]This composition is suitable use as a component of aviation fuel.

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Abstract

The present invention provides a composition comprising 10-40 mass! of C8-30 linear alkanes, up to 20 mass % of C7-20 aromatic hydrocarbons, at least 90 mass % of which are monoaromatic, and no more than 1 massl in total of oxygen containing compounds; wherein the total amount of C8-30 alkanes in the composition is 50-95 mass % (and the total amount of C8-30 alkanes, C7-20 aromatic hydrocarbons and C8-30 cycloalkanes is at least 95 massl; and wherein the amounts are based on the mass of the composition. Also provided is a method for producing the composition comprising the step of hydroprocessing a biological feedstock using a catalyst and the step of fractionating the product of the hydroprocessing step.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD[0001]The present invention relates to a hydrocarbon composition. More particularly, the present invention relates to a composition which contains a variety of hydrocarbons and is obtainable from a renewable biological feedstock. The composition can be used as a fuel component.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0002]Conventional diesel fuel produced from crude oil (“petrodiesel”) contains a complex mixture of hydrocarbons which typically have 10-22 carbon atoms. These hydrocarbons include linear and branched alkanes, cycloalkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons. As a consequence of the crude oil source and the production process (particularly fractional distillation), petrodiesel typically contains up to 40 mass % of aromatic hydrocarbons, more usually 25-35 mass % of aromatic hydrocarbons. A significant proportion, usually in the order of 15-20 mass %, of the aromatic hydrocarbons are polycyclic (i.e. contain two or more aromatic rings). Such compounds are harmful to health (e.g....

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(United States)
IPC IPC(8): C10M105/02C10L1/02C10G3/00C11C3/12C11B3/00C10L1/04C10L1/08
CPCC10G3/50C10G3/46C10G3/49C10L1/026C10L1/04C10L1/08C11B3/00C11C3/12C10G3/45Y02T50/678C10G2300/1014C10G2300/1018C10G2400/04C10G2400/08C10L2200/043C10L2200/0446C10L2200/0469C10L2270/026C10L2270/04C10L2290/543Y02E50/13Y02P30/20C10G3/48Y02E50/10C10G3/42C10G49/02C10G3/00C10L1/02C07C1/22C07C2521/04C07C2523/84C07C2529/072C07C2529/076C10L2200/0484
Inventor LINDBERG, TEEMUNOUSIAINEN, JAAKKOLAUMOLA, HELIRISSANEN, ARTO
Owner UPM-KYMMENE OYJ
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