The invention provides a marine floating type
magnesium air battery capable of automatically replacing an
electrolyte, and belongs to the field of a
metal fuel
cell. The marine floating type
magnesium air battery comprises two modules of a
seawater electrolyte replacement mechanism and a battery reaction cavity, wherein a plurality of air cavities and a plurality of
seawater cavities are formed in the battery reaction cavity in an annular manner and are separated by negative
electrode plates; and when the battery is deviated from a vertical position by sea wave surging, a
pendulum bob of an
energy absorption device in the mechanism generates a rotation torque relative to a main shaft, a
ratchet and the main shaft are driven to rotate, the
ratchet is forced to only do one-way rotation by pawls, the torque is increased by a series of
speed reduction mechanism, a turntable is pushed to rotate, all
seawater cavities are controlled to be sequentially opened and closed by bulges on the turntable, and thus, the operation that a
reaction product magnesium hydroxide is automatically discharged due to the
specific gravity of the magnesium
hydroxide larger than that of seawater and the seawater
electrolyte is automatically supplemented is completed. The floating type magnesium air battery is adaptive to a sea environment and can be used for providing a high-efficiency, general and portable sea power supply for an ocean defense device, marine observation and monitoring, an unmanned platform, marine law
enforcement, military training and the like.