The invention discloses a pneumatic chuck remote control device. The pneumatic chuck remote control device comprises an upper chuck, a lower chuck, an upper chuck control air cylinder, a lower chuck control air cylinder, a thrust sensor, an upper chuck alarm device, a control panel, a remote control cabinet and a connecting block. The upper chuck control air cylinder and the lower chuck control air cylinder are arranged on a side face of the upper chuck and a side face of the lower chuck respectively, protective covers are additionally arranged outside the upper chuck control air cylinder and the lower chuck control air cylinder, the thrust sensor is arranged on a top cover of the upper chuck, an alarm lamp in the alarm device is arranged into a driller room, the control panel is arranged in the remote control cabinet, and the control panel is connected with the upper chuck control air cylinder and the lower chuck control air cylinder through the connecting block and an air pressure pipeline respectively. The pneumatic chuck remote control device has the advantages that the chucks tightly clamp casing strings or release the casing strings through the remote control device, the pneumatic chuck remote control device can be operated by hand and controlled automatically and is simple in structure and convenient to operate, labor intensity of workers is relieved, and the safety coefficient of well mouth operation and work efficiency of well mouth operation are improved.