The invention relates to the technical field of orthodontic appliances, in particular to a self-adjusting arch expander based on hydraulic transmission, which comprises a jaw plate and a tooth sleeve, the tooth sleeve is arranged on the side wall of the jaw plate, a
liquid storage bag is arranged in the tooth sleeve, and after the tooth sleeve is worn on a tooth, the
liquid storage bag is positioned on a tooth
occlusal surface; the jaw plate comprises a first part and a second part which can be far away from each other, a connecting
pipe is arranged between the first part and the second part, and two ends of the connecting
pipe are respectively arranged in the first part and the second part; a
piston is arranged in the connecting
pipe and provided with a push rod, the push rod is connected with the first part and the second part, so that when the
piston pushes the push rod to move, the first part and the second part are pushed to be away from each other, a one-way valve is arranged in the connecting pipe, and the
liquid storage bag is communicated with the one-way valve. According to the occlusal force of a patient, automatic arch expansion is achieved, the size of arch expansion force can be adjusted in a self-adaptive mode according to the size of the occlusal force of the patient, and the effect of improving the comfort and convenience of the patient after wearing is achieved.